1. Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter By: Leslie Duncan, Diana Richtman, Isabel Granat, Cody Summitt, Caleb Fedie

2. Introduction Video

3. Definitions The Kinetic Molecular Theory is based on the idea that particles of matter are always in motion. An Ideal Gas is a hypothetical gas that perfectly fits all the assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory. A Real Gas is a gas that does not behave completely according to the assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory.

4. Assumption 1 Gases consist of large numbers of tiny particles that are far apart relative to their size: These particles usually occupy volume that is at least a thousand times greater than the volume of particles in liquid and solid states Molecules of gases are farther apart than solids and liquids and most of that space is empty This space is why gases have lower density than liquids and solids

5. Assumption 2 Collisions between gas particles and between particles and container walls are elastic collisions An elastic collision is one in which there is no net loss of total kinetic energy Kinetic energy transfers between two particles colliding but total kinetic energy remains the same as long as temperature is constant

6. Assumption 3 Gas particles are in continuous, rapid, random motion. They therefore have kinetic energy. Gas particles move in all directions The kinetic energy of the particles overcomes the attractive forces between them, except near the temperature at which the gas condenses and becomes a liquid

7. Assumption 4 There are no forces of attraction between gas particles Ideal gas molecules do not stick together during collision but rather bounce appart

8. Assumption 5 The temperature of a gas depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles of the gas. Kinetic energy of any moving object is given by the following equation: KE = ½ mv 2 M - mass of the particle V - speed All gases at the same temperature have the same kinetic energy

9. Expansion Gas particles move rapidly in all directions without significant attraction between them

10. Fluidity The attractive forces between gas particles are significant, gas particles slide easily past one another

11. Low Density The particles are so much farther apart in the gaseous state

12. Compressibility Gas particles, which are initially very far apart, are crowded closer together

13. Diffusion Random and continuous motion of the ammonia molecules carries them throughout the available space

14. Effusion Gas particles pass through a tiny opening. Rates of effusion of different gases are directly proportional to the velocities of their particles.

15. Assessment 1. What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory 2. A hypothetical gas that perfectly fits all the assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory is a.Real gas b.Cool gas c.Ideal gas d.hydrogen 3. A gas that does not behave according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory is a.Real gas b.Cool gas c.Ideal gas d.hydrogen 4. T/F There are 6 assumptions 5. T/F Fluidity is an assumption

16. Answers 1.The idea that particles of matter are always in motion 2.c. Ideal gas 3.a. Real gas 4.F 5.F