1. T2K Experiment Results & Prospects Alfons Weber University of Oxford & STFC/RAL For the T2K Collaboration

2. FLASY 2014 Content Neutrino Oscillations –Introduction The T2K Experiment –Beam –Near Detector –Far Detector Results –Disappearance analysis –Appearance search Future potential –The hunt for CP-violation Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton 2

3. FLASY 2014 Neutrino Mixing The PMNS Matrix Assume that neutrinos do have mass: –mass eigenstates  weak interaction eigenstates –Analogue to CKM-Matrix in quark sector! weak “flavour eigenstates” Mass eigenstates m 1, m 2, m 3 Unitary mixing matrix: 3 mixing angles & complex phases Pontecorvo-Maki- Nakagawa-Sakata 3 Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

4. FLASY 2014 Oscillation Signatures Jun-2014 4 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton e appearance: determine  13 constrain  CP  disappearance: determine  23 and  m 2 32 Reconstructed ν Energy (MeV) Events Ratio of obs/expected

5. FLASY 2014 The T2K Experiment A Long-baseline Experiment to study neutrino oscillations –Baseline 295 km –Beam powerup to 230 kW –DetectorsNear and far Jun-2014 5 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

6. FLASY 2014 Producing Neutrinos 6 π→μν 118 m off-axis (2.5°) (30 GeV from MR synchrotron) 0º0º Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton Using NA61 data to constrain hadron production

7. FLASY 2014 Data Taken Data Set: 6.57 x 10 20 PoT (8% of design goal) Increase power in future –More protons / bunch –Higher repetition rate Jun-2014 7 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

8. FLASY 2014 ND280 detector Off-axis: ND280 –0.2 T magnet (UA1/NOMAD) –Plastic scintillator detectors: Fine Grained Detector (FGD), π 0 detector (P0D), ECals and SMRD, Time projection chambers (TPC) On-axis: INGRID 8 Jun-2014 νμνμ FGD2 TPC3 TPC2 TPC1 FGD1 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

9. FLASY 2014 Some ND distribution Select different event classes in near detector –Negative muon & something/nothing Constrains flux and cross section uncertainties Jun-2014 9 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton CC 1π + CC 0π CC Other BEFORE FIT AFTER FIT

10. FLASY 2014 Reduced Systematics Jun-2014 10 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

11. FLASY 2014 Far Detector Jun-2014 11 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

12. FLASY 2014 Far Detector Events Jun-2014 12 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

13. FLASY 2014 Electron Neutrino Appearance Event Selection –Fully contained, –no π 0 –No decay electrons Jun-2014 13 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

14. FLASY 2014 Appearance Result Jun-2014 14 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 061802 (2014)

15. FLASY 2014 Compare with Reactors Jun-2014 15 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton Comparing with reactor measurements best overlap is for the normal hierarchy δ cp =–π/2. Need to increase θ 23 to account for high event rate Note: Marginalized over  23 and  m 2 32 Lucky point!

16. FLASY 2014 Disappearance Measurement Jun-2014 16 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton Maximal mixing is not the same as maximum disappearance if θ 13 is not zero! 120 selected events

17. FLASY 2014 The World Scene Jun-2014 17 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton Best-fit ± FC 68% CL ( Δm 2 units 10 -3 eV 2 /c 4 ) NH sin 2 θ 23 0.514 +0.055 -0.056 Δm 2 32 2.51 ± 0.10 IH sin 2 θ 23 0.511 ± 0.055 Δm 2 13 2.48 ± 0.10

18. FLASY 2014 Putting it All Together Jun-2014 18 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

19. FLASY 2014 The width of the beam is comparable to the measured Gaussians in the previous runs. ND280 anti-ν event The detectors are all working well. Here is our first identified anti-neutrino event from an anti-neutrino test run! Measured with INGRID μ+μ+ Run Status Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton 19

20. FLASY 2014 Future Sensitivity No systematics 5% error on signal, 10% on background T2K best sensitivity: 50% ν/50% anti-ν Anti-nu running: large new physics program. 50% ν/50% anti-ν (true NH) 100% ν (true NH) 50% ν/50% anti-ν (true NH) w/ Reactor constraint 100% ν (true NH) w/ Reactor constraint “Lucky! ( + : Sin 2 2θ=0.1, δ CP =-90)” NH T2K: 50% ν/50% anti-ν Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton 20

21. FLASY 2014 Future Sensitivity (II) 50% ν/50% anti-ν (true NH) w/ Reactor constraint 100% ν (true NH) w/ Reactor constraint 100% ν (true NH) “Unlucky! ( + : Sin 2 2θ=0.1, δ CP =0)” Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton 21

22. FLASY 2014 T2K and NOvA T2K: 50% ν/50% anti-ν NH IH No systematics 5% error on signal, 10% on background Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton 22

23. FLASY 2014 Summary and Conclusion T2K has taken 8% of its nominal PoT World leading results –7.3σ electron neutrino appearance –Most precise measurement of θ 23 Combination with reactor measurements –Hint that δ CP = -π/2 Improved sensitivity with data to come –Can be lucky to “discover” CP violation More results to come –Cross sections, sterile neutrinos, exotics… Jun-2014 23 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

24. Backup

25. FLASY 2014 Who is Who Jun-2014 25 ν μ disappearance ν–less double beta decay Solar neutrino oscillation ν e disappearance inν μ beam Or reactor neutrino experiments ν e disappearance inν μ beam Or reactor neutrino experiments A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

26. FLASY 2014 Ubi es? 26 Normal Hierarchy or Inverted Hierarchy? Open questions: Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

27. FLASY 2014 NA61/SHINE hadron(π, K) yield –30 GeV p + C High-acceptance –ToFs and spectrometers 2cm thin target (4%λ I ) π + analysis: –dE/dx only analysis low momenta (Phys.Rev.C84.2011.034604) –dE/dx+ToF analysis high momenta (Phys.Rev.C85.2011.035210) 27 ~13m ~10m Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

28. FLASY 2014 Predicted Flux Primary pions modelled with NA61 data ν μ flux –Pions dominant at low energy –Kaons important in tail ν e flux –For low energy from muons 28 νμνμ νμνμ νeνe Jun-2014 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton

29. FLASY 2014 CC Interaction Jun-2014 29 A.Weber, FLASY2014, Brighton