1. FUEL CELL

2. How Fuel Cells Work Fuel Cells Making power more efficiently and with less pollution.

4. Fuel Cell - an electrochemical energy conversion device To convert the chemicals hydrogen and oxygen into water, and in the process it produces electricity. Battery : the other electrochemical device that we are all familiar.  A battery has all of its chemicals stored inside, and it converts those chemicals into electricity too.  This means that a battery eventually "goes dead" and you either throw it away or recharge it.

5. Fuel Cell Descriptions Fuel Cells generate electricity through an electrochemical process In which the energy stored in a fuel is converted directly into DC electricity. Because electrical energy is generated without combusting fuel, Fuel cells are extremely attractive from an environmental stand point.

6. Attractive characteristics of Fuel Cell High energy conversion efficiency Modular design Very low chemical and acoustical pollution Fuel flexibility Cogeneration capability

7. Types of fuel cells They are based on the electrolyte employed: Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

8. Electrochemical reactions in PAFC At the anode: Hydrogen is split into two hydrogen ions (H + ), which pass through the electrolyte to the cathode, and two electrons which pass through the external circuit (electric load) to the cathode. At the cathode: the hydrogen, electrons and oxygen combine to form water.

9. Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells - MCFC A molten carbonate salt mixture is used as its electrolyte. They evolved from work in the 1960's aimed at producing a fuel cell which would operated directly on coal. While direct operation on coal seems less likely today, The operation on coal-derived fuel gases or natural gas is viable.

10. PEMFC: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

11. Four Basic Elements in a PEMFC The electrolyte is the proton exchange membrane.  This specially treated material, which looks something like ordinary kitchen plastic wrap,  only conducts positively charged ions.  The membrane blocks electrons. The catalyst is a special material that facilitates the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen.  It is usually made of platinum powder very thinly coated onto carbon paper or cloth.  The catalyst is rough and porous so that the maximum surface area of the platinum can be exposed to the hydrogen or oxygen.  The platinum-coated side of the catalyst faces the PEM.

12. PEMFC U

13. Basic Configuration

14. Chemistry of a Fuel Cell Anode side: 2H 2  4H + + 4e - Cathode side: O 2 + 4H + + 4e -  2H 2 O Net reaction: 2H 2 + O 2  2H 2 O

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