1. Is it better to be a big cell or a small cell? Explain your answer in two or three sentences

2. MITOSIS The nature of replicating cells Ms. Cohen Cell Division and Cancer Unit

3. chromosomes Packaging of genetic material in prokaryotes and eukaryotes prokaryote cell eukaryote cell

4. Fig 2.4 The structure of a highly condensed, replicated chromosome. © 2003 John Wiley and Sons Publishers

5. BASIC GENETICS Each cell in the human body contains two sets of 23 chromosomes Mitosis identically replicates this information Each cell therefore has the same genetic material Reproductive cells only have one set of chromosomes. These combine to make a new person with different genetic material to both parents (we will go into more detail in next unit).

7. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase The Stages of Mitosis Interphase

8. The Spindle A spindle is a web type structure made up of microtubule fibres. It is essential for mitosis because it arranges the chromosomes into their correct positions in preparation for cell division. Mitotic centre Microtubule A cell at metaphase a spindle

9. INTERPHASE After a cell has divided, the two new cells begin the process again, the cells at this stage are in Interphase. Cell cyce It is divided into three mini stages:- G1 S G2

10. Eukaryotic chromsome replicating

11. PROPHASE The chromatin (unravelled DNA) in the nucleus, condenses to form pairs of chromosomes. The centrioles move to opposite ends of the nucleus. As this is happening the nucleolus begins to break down Nuclear membrane begins to break down

12. Prophase Chromatin condenses (remember that chromatin/DNA replicate during Interphase), the nuclear envelope dissolves, centrioles (if present) divide and migrate, the spindle forms.

13. METAPHASE The spindle becomes fully developed The nuclear membrane has completely gone The chromatid pairs place themselves onto individual fibres and are aligned along the centre of the spindle

14. ANAPHASE The chromatid pairs are split into two (This is done by movement of the spindle fibers) The pairs then travel to opposite ends of the spindle The halved chromatids are now called chromosomes

15. TELOPHASE Two new nuclei are formed when the chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell The nuclear membrane is formed- the nucleolus reappears The chromosomes disperse in the nucleus

16. REMEMBER! I Interphase P Prophase M Metaphase A Anaphase T Telophase IPMAT

17. CYTOKINESIS Literally means, division of the cytoplasm Mitosis is the splitting of the nucleus. Cytokinesis is the splitting of cytoplasm It usually begins during ANAPHASE

18. Mitosis in animal cells. © 2003 John Wiley and Sons Publishers

20. Quick Videos of Mitosis in Cells http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m73i1Zk 8EA0&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m73i1Zk 8EA0&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=en dscreen&v=VGV3fv-uZYI&NR=1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=en dscreen&v=VGV3fv-uZYI&NR=1