1. Extensions of Classic Urban Ecological models Keller APHG 2011

6. Social Area Analysis and Factorial ecology Three primary forces that shape space – Advanced job skills in increasing technological society socio-economic status – Changed family structure family status – Mobility increases and race/ethnicity organize space ethnic/racial status – Physical landscape

7. S

8. Mudrie’s Urban Mosaic Socio-economic status in sectors Family status in rings Ethnic status historical factors that cut across the others.

13. Globalization Spatial polarization Increased fortification Dual city/divided city Upgrading and downgrading residential districts The citadel The enclave The ghetto

14. globalization In Between districts – Gentrified – Suburban city – Edge cities – Working class districts ( ghettos in waiting?)

15. Los Angles Model – Central Business District not dominate – Cultural interpretations – Deep spatial fragmentation based on social polarization

16. Post modern Urbanism Post modern architecture New Urbanism

17. The Los Angeles model Multiple nuclei – game board model Individual parcels have direct connection to global economy Little apparent connection among parcels Uses of land can be scuffled ( mixed and redistributed)

19. Generalizations for teaching about models The newer models of North American cities reflect a better understanding of the forces behind spatial patterns but still are based on separation and segregation. The best model relates social patterns, landscapes and land values The modern communication systems have created new global and transnational linkages.