1. A New Red Scare

2. Paranoid much??? Red Scare began in Sept 1945 Red Scare began in Sept 1945 –General fear of a communist effort to secretly weaken the United States and overthrow its government Ignor Gouzenko shared documents revealing the Soviet Union ’ s attempt to infiltrate organizations and government agencies in Canada and the United States Ignor Gouzenko shared documents revealing the Soviet Union ’ s attempt to infiltrate organizations and government agencies in Canada and the United States

3. The red scare is on… Truman established a loyalty review program; to screen federal employees Truman established a loyalty review program; to screen federal employees –How did you become a suspect:  Reading certain books  Belonging to various groups  Viewing certain foreign films  Advocating for equal rights for women McCarran Act: McCarran Act: –Illegal for Americans to engage in activities to create a communist government –Communist organizations had to register with U.S. govt –Communist not allowed to work in defense plants or get passports

4. Alger Hiss Prominent government official accused of being a communist Prominent government official accused of being a communist Served in President Roosevelt ’ s administration Served in President Roosevelt ’ s administration Hiss denied being a communist and knowing the magazine editor who accused him (Whittaker Chambers) Hiss denied being a communist and knowing the magazine editor who accused him (Whittaker Chambers)

5. Was he a communist? House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) continued to question Hiss House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) continued to question Hiss He finally admitted to knowing Chambers He finally admitted to knowing Chambers Chambers had copies of secret documents from the State Department and microfilm Chambers had copies of secret documents from the State Department and microfilm Hiss was tried and convicted of perjury Hiss was tried and convicted of perjury Hiss was questioned in the hearings by Richard Nixon Hiss was questioned in the hearings by Richard Nixon

6. Meet the Rosenbergs Many thought American Communists sold Soviet Union the secret to making the atomic bomb Many thought American Communists sold Soviet Union the secret to making the atomic bomb British scientist admitted to giving Soviet Union information which led to the arrest of the Julius and Ethel Rosenbergs British scientist admitted to giving Soviet Union information which led to the arrest of the Julius and Ethel Rosenbergs Rosenbergs were members of the Communist Party; were charged with heading a Soviet spy ring Rosenbergs were members of the Communist Party; were charged with heading a Soviet spy ring

7. Were they spies? Rosenbergs denied the charges Rosenbergs denied the charges Were condemned to death for espionage Were condemned to death for espionage Many appealed, expressed support for the couple and pleaded for clemency Many appealed, expressed support for the couple and pleaded for clemency Couple was executed in June 1953 Couple was executed in June 1953

9. Joseph McCarthy Read 645-646 and answer in Reading section: Read 645-646 and answer in Reading section: Where/How did he start his campaign against communism? Where/How did he start his campaign against communism? What is McCarthyism? What is McCarthyism? What led to his downfall? What led to his downfall?