1. 1 Introduction to Emergency Management in Ohio Unit 8: Recovery

2. 2 UNIT OBJECTIVES Define and describe the following Recovery planning Local government role in disaster recovery Local and preliminary damage assessment process

3. 3 UNIT OBJECTIVES Define and describe the following State assistance programs Federal declaration process Federal disaster assistance

4. 4 RECOVERY PLANNING

5. 5 Developing a Pre-disaster Recovery Plan or Annex will set the stage for restoration of the socioeconomic fabric of a community Implementation of such a Plan or Annex details a framework that will assist local officials and business leaders in maximizing the potential of community resources and supplemental private and public sector resources

6. 6 RECOVERY PLANNING The National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) brings together the core recovery capabilities of departments and agencies and other supporting organizations — including those not active in emergency response — to focus on community recovery needs Recovery Support Functions (RSFs) are organized into 6 components where relevant stakeholders and experts utilize work together in pre-disaster planning or when activated post-disaster to identify and resolve recovery challenges

7. 7 RECOVERY PLANNING – RECOVERY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS Community Planning and Capacity Building RSF Economic Recovery RSF Health and Social Services RSF

8. 8 RECOVERY PLANNING – RECOVERY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS Housing RSF Infrastructure Systems RSF Natural and Cultural Resources RSF

9. 9 RECOVERY PLANNING A (pre-) Disaster Recovery Plan or Annex should include the following information: – Purpose(s) of the Recovery Plan – Overview of the community/county demographics – Adoption and/or promulgation procedures – Organizational Framework – Concept of Operations – Planning Process – Planning Considerations

10. 10 RECOVERY PLANNING Defines the following emergency management phases or sub-phases for the purposes of disaster planning and operations: Response (outlined in emergency operations plans) Recovery (short and long term) Long-Term Recovery (to be discussed in separate unit) Mitigation (to be discussed in separate unit)

11. 11 RECOVERY PLANNING Short-term recovery: Short-term recovery operations address essential and immediate community and citizen needs by restoring vital services, stabilizing the incident and preserving property. These short-term operations frequently overlap with the response operations. Examples include: debris removal, provisions of temporary facilities for housing and governmental offices, medical, heating and mental health assistance programs, restoration of critical facilities, damage assessment, etc.

12. 12 RECOVERY PLANNING Long-term recovery: Long-term recovery and mitigation operations will include missions and issues that require specialized assistance to address unique needs that can not be satisfied by routine disaster assistance programs, or those that may be required for complex restoration or rebuilding challenges. Examples include: widespread major repairs to housing, businesses and governmental facilities to make them habitable, case management for individuals with unmet needs, redevelopment of government facilities to better serve current community needs, community planning, etc.

13. 13 RECOVERY PLANNING Administration Emergency Responders (Fire, Police, EMS) Public Works (Water, Sewer, Sanitation) Community Planning Economic Development Building Inspection Code Enforcement Coordination with Voluntary Agencies Schools Emergency Management Identify Recovery Roles/Responsibilities of Various Departments

14. 14 RECOVERY PLANNING - RECOVERY TASK FORCE A Recovery Task Force: Oversee recovery, reconstruction, and replacement process. Recommend restoration priorities. Develop procedures to carry out build-back policies. Develop policies for redeveloping areas with repeated disaster damage. Promote mitigation. Develop priorities for relocating and acquiring damaged property.

15. 15 RECOVERY PLANNING – RECOVERY TASK FORCE Develop recommendations for ordinances, moratoriums, regulations, and resolutions. Coordinate an economic recovery program. Develop recommendations for recovery and mitigation projects. Participate in community redevelopment planning. Identify funding sources for recovery and mitigation projects.

16. 16 RECOVERY PLANNING – RECOVERY TASK FORCE  Elected/Appointed Officials  PIO  Attorney  Emergency Management  Public Safety Department  Public Works Department  Building Department  Finance Department  Planning/Community Development Department  Community Services  Health Care (Hospitals and Public Health)  Chamber of Commerce  Business Community  Voluntary Agencies  School District  Neighborhood/Citizens Groups

17. 17 LOCAL GOVERNMENT ROLES IN RECOVERY

18. 18 PUBLIC INFORMATION Establish public information goals – to collect and distribute accurate and timely disaster recovery information Know your audience Work in collaboration in order to provide clear and effective public information

19. 19 COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP Establish a vision for disaster recovery Represent the community – Maintain visibility – Encourage community organizers to work together – Host VIPs – Lobby for support from other levels of government

20. 20 HEALTH CARE SYSTEM Hospitals Public Health Department Nursing Homes and Long-Term Care Facilities Pharmacy/Durable Medical Equipment Providers Mortuary Services Crisis Counseling and Mental Health

21. 21 PUBLIC WORKS Critical issues for Public Works Transportation systems and facilities Drainage and flood control systems Water and sewer utility systems Solid waste – collection/continuity Solid waste – debris removal/disposal Recovery and mitigation support services

22. 22 PUBLIC WORKS Four General Groups of Activity: Transportation and lifelines Utilities Debris Management Support activities Damage assessment Engineering, fleet, facilities and resources Liaison with utilities and agencies Mitigation efforts

23. 23 BUILDING INSPECTIONS Damage assessment Re-entry and access policies Temporary protection vs. reconstruction Contractor licensing and approvals Code adequacies Mitigation activities Demolition of private and public properties Flood plain management, substantial damage inspections

24. 24 BUSINESS SECTOR SIMILARITIES The Business Sector: – Is a community stakeholder in recovery – Depends on the community infrastructure for survival – Depends on its workforce for survival – Complies with the same rebuilding rules and regulations as others – Should plan just like the public sector

25. 25 BUSINESS SECTOR DIFFERENCES – Private ownership – Profit focus – Dependence on suppliers and customers – Eligibility for federal assistance programs – Codes and ordinances

26. 26 HOUSING - SHORT AND LONG TERM OPTIONS & GOALS Emergency sheltering Temporary housing Replacement housing The goal of housing recovery is two-fold: – Help survivors repair or replace housing. – Revitalize the community’s housing stock and tax base which can improve the community as a whole

27. 27 HOUSING - POTENTIAL RESOURCES INSURANCE State and federal financial assistance programs – Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) – Small Business Administration (SBA) – Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) – United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Rural Development (RD) housing programs Non-governmental organizations Public Funds

28. 28 HOUSING - TEMPORARY HOUSING RESOURCES When there is NOT a Presidential Disaster Declaration, contact: – Your state’s multi-family housing association – Local nonprofit housing providers and developers – State Housing Finance Agency (HFA) or Economic Development Agency (EDA) – The American Red Cross – Salvation Army – Your Unmet Needs Committee

29. 29 HOUSING - TEMPORARY HOUSING RESOURCES When a Presidential Disaster Declaration is made, FEMA will activate the National Disaster Housing Strategy, which includes: – Providing repair and replacement assistance – Cataloging vacant rental units – Providing manufactured and alternative interim housing (as a last resort); if used, there are numerous site development considerations

30. 30 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT

31. 31 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT The County EMA Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) defines and details the Damage Assessment system and procedures. – Sets the stage for producing Rapid, Detailed and Accurate report(s) – EOP should designate dedicated positions/personnel to serve as Damage Assessment Manager/Coordinator(s). See Assistance Toolbox for Details http://ema.ohio.gov/Recovery_DAToolbox.aspx

32. 32 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT There are 2 types Individual Damage Assessment (IA) – Private Sector  Homeowners and renters  Business sector  Based on degree of damage Public Damage Assessment (PA) – Public Sector  Governmental, city, township, etc.  Based on dollar figure

33. 33 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - IA The local IA damage assessment must be completed prior to a joint federal, state and local IA preliminary damage assessment (PDA). Your mission as a member of the local IA damage assessment team: 1.Quantify primary homes and businesses impacted by the event 2.Record information regarding the severity and magnitude of the event Answers the question: How bad is it?

34. 34 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - IA Individual Assistance (IA) Damage Assessment County EMA should mobilize sufficient number of teams to assess private sector impact to primary residences and businesses within 36 hours of the event. Quantify the magnitude of primary residential & business loss by using the 4 Degrees of Damage criteria: Destroyed, Major, Minor or Affected.

35. 35 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - IA Destroyed: permanently uninhabitable; total loss/not repairable Major: uninhabitable; requires extensive repairs Minor: uninhabitable; but repairs can be made within 30 days Affected: habitable without repairs

36. 36 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - IA You must ask about Insurance Type - dependent on the cause of damage i.e. homeowners vs. flood Amount of coverage Sources of information - disaster survivor - Department of Insurance - local floodplain manager - Ohio Insurance Institute (OII)

37. 37 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - PA PUBLIC ASSISTANCE (PA) DAMAGE ASSESSMENT Identifies the following: Impact to local governments, state agencies, certain private non-profit organizations, districts, authorities and schools and universities Emergency response costs/expenses in the affected area Damages/costs to facilities such as utilities, transportation systems, etc. Extent of insurance coverage for damaged facilities Completed by impacted entity, not County EMA responsibility. County EMA should compile local assessments and submit them to Ohio EMA

38. 38 Joint Preliminary Damage Assessment (Joint PDA: Local/State/Federal) A Joint PDA is required before the governor may request a presidential disaster declaration (FEMA). SBA will participate in the Joint PDA as well For IA, Ohio EMA may conduct a “state verification” to confirm previously reported county/local damage assessment information as a possible precursor to a Joint PDA with FEMA or the Small Business Administration (SBA). The Joint PDA will view the most current county/local assessment information. Joint IA and PA PDA Teams will conduct separate assessments in order to gauge the impact to the private and public sectors.

39. 39 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - SUMMARY Pre-planning, training and exercising damage assessment is critical to maintaining ongoing operational capability! Counties should develop the capability to deploy private (Individual Assistance) and coordinate (Public Assistance) damage assessment. Damage assessment manager/coordinators should be part of County EOP. WebEOC board for damage assessment Technology for damage assessment

40. 40 DECEMBER 22, 2004 – FEBRUARY 1, 2005 WINTER STORM/FLOODING Required Individual and Public damage assessment January 18-19 for Individual and January 18-24 for Public

41. 41 Hamilton Medina Pike Noble Cuyahoga Erie Ross Guernsey Carroll Lorain Jefferson Butler Lawrence Brown Clinton Richland Hocking Clermont Tuscarawas Columbiana Washington Perry Belmont Portage Huron Stark Highland Trumbull Mahoning Monroe Athens Ashtabula Wayne Vinton Darke Defiance Henry Fulton Lucas Ottawa Sandusky Wood Hancock Seneca Putnam Paulding Van Wert Crawford Hardin Marion Auglaize Mercer Logan Morrow Shelby Champaign Miami Delaware Madison Fayette Pickaway Fairfield Licking Coshocton Knox Warren Williams Allen Scioto Harrison Wyandot Ashland Holmes Summit Union FranklinMuskingum Morgan Meigs Gallia Jackson Adams Preble Lake Geauga Clark Montgomery Greene Individual Damage Assessment

42. 42 Hamilton Medina Pike Noble Cuyahoga Erie Ross Guernsey Carroll Lorain Jefferson Butler Lawrence Brown Clinton Richland Hocking Clermont Tuscarawas Columbiana Washington Perry Belmont Portage Huron Stark Highland Trumbull Mahoning Monroe Athens Ashtabula Wayne Vinton Darke Defiance Henry Fulton Lucas Ottawa Sandusky Wood Hancock Seneca Putnam Paulding Van Wert Crawford Hardin Marion Auglaize Mercer Logan Morrow Shelby Champaign Miami Delaware Madison Fayette Pickaway Fairfield Licking Coshocton Knox Warren Williams Allen Scioto Harrison Wyandot Ashland Holmes Summit Union FranklinMuskingum Morgan Meigs Gallia Jackson Adams Preble Lake Geauga Clark Montgomery Greene Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 Team 4 Team 5 Team 6 Team 7 Counties already declared for snow Counties to be requested for snow Joint PDA for Public Assistance, Week of January 18, 2005

43. 43 AUGUST 20 2007 FLOODING NW OHIO Required Individual and Public damage assessment August 24 for Individual and September 5 for Public

44. 44 Hamilton Medina Pike Noble Cuyahoga Erie Ross Guernsey Carroll Lorain Jefferson Butler Lawrence Brown Clinton Richland Hocking Clermont Tuscarawas Columbiana Washington Perry Belmont Portage Huron Stark Highland Trumbull Mahoning Monroe Athens Ashtabula Wayne Vinton Darke Defiance Henry Fulton Lucas Ottawa Sandusky Wood Hancock Seneca Putnam Paulding Van Wert Crawford Hardin Marion Auglaize Mercer Logan Morrow Shelby Champaign Miami Delaware Madison Fayette Pickaway Fairfield Licking Coshocton Knox Warren Williams Allen Scioto Harrison Wyandot Ashland Holmes Summit Union FranklinMuskingum Morgan Meigs Gallia Jackson Adams Preble Lake Geauga Clark Montgomery Greene Individual Damage Assessment

45. 45 Hamilton Medina Pike Noble Cuyahoga Erie Ross Guernsey Carroll Lorain Jefferson Butler Lawrence Brown Clinton Richland Hocking Clermont Tuscarawas Columbiana Washington Perry Belmont Portage Huron Stark Highland Trumbull Mahoning Monroe Athens Ashtabula Wayne Vinton Darke Defiance Henry Fulton Lucas Ottawa Sandusky Wood Hancock Seneca Putnam Paulding Van Wert Crawford Hardin Marion Auglaize Mercer Logan Morrow Shelby Champaign Miami Delaware Madison Fayette Pickaway Fairfield Licking Coshocton Knox Warren Williams Allen Scioto Harrison Wyandot Ashland Holmes Summit Union FranklinMuskingum Morgan Meigs Gallia Jackson Adams Preble Lake Geauga Clark Montgomery Greene Public Damage Assessment

46. 46 STATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS

47. 47 STATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS- State Individual Assistance (IA) Program At Governor’s discretion Follows an SBA agency-only declaration Limited assistance for essential needs for homeowners and renters (home repair, personal property, funeral expenses) Must first apply for SBA loan assistance Requires application and home inspection

48. 48 STATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - State Disaster Relief Program At Governor’s discretion For local governments and certain PNPs Reimbursement for costs associated with emergency work and permanent work Requires applicants seek assistance from other sources first Requires applicants damages exceed ½ of 1% of total usable budget

49. 49 STATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS Local and State government agency resources for individuals: Job and Family Services (TANF) Ohio Treasurer of State (loan interest reduction) 211 referral service Department of Development (CDBG)

50. 50 STATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS State government agency resources: Department of Development (CDBG) – water, sewer lines, roads and bridges Ohio Public Works Commission (OPWC) – roads, solid waste, sanitary/waste water, fresh and storm water Ohio Water Development Authority (OWDA) – drinking and waste water

51. 51 STATE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS State government agency resources: Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA) – Publically owned wastewater treatment facilities Ohio Water and Sewer Rotary Commission (OWSC) – sewer and water lines

52. 52 OTHER TYPES OF ASSISTANCE NON-FEDERAL Voluntary Agencies Provide food, shelter and clothing to meet immediate post- disaster essential needs Examples include the American Red Cross, Salvation Army and the Ohio Voluntary Organizations Active in Disasters (Ohio VOAD) http://www.ohiovoad.org/ http://www.ohiovoad.org/ Insurance Coverage Insurance proceeds for the impacting hazard may be available depending on the parameters of an active pre-event policy in place for the respective individual, family or business

53. 53 FEDERAL DECLARATION PROCESS

54. 54 FEDERAL DECLARATION PROCESS Based on federal law (Robert T. Stafford Act, as amended) and resulting federal regulations (44 CFR, Part 206). Declaration based on the impact (what happened) and magnitude (what are the affects) being beyond the collective private/volunteer/local/state capabilities to make an effective response and recovery from an extraordinary event. May trigger an array of programs to assist individuals/families & businesses (Individual Assistance), local/state/private-non-profits (Public Assistance) and fund future threat reduction projects (Hazard Mitigation Grant Program).

55. 55 FEDERAL DECLARATION PROCESS Individual Assistance Concentration of damages Trauma Special populations Voluntary agency assistance Insurance Average amount of individual assistance by State Public Assistance Estimated cost of assistance (FY 2016 Statewide per capita, $1.41 x 11,536,504=$16,266,470) County Impacts (FY 2016 per capita $3.57) Insurance Coverage Hazard Mitigation Recent multiple disasters Other federal assistance programs FEMA DECLARATION CRITERIA FACTORS (See 44CFR206.48)

56. 56 FEDERAL DECLARATION PROCESS FEMA Regional and Headquarters Recommendations Governor’s Request Letter Joint Preliminary Damage Assessment Local/State Response Disaster Occurs (See 44CFR206.36/37)

57. 57 FEDERAL DECLARATION PROCESS Presidential Decisions MAY award an Emergency or Major Disaster Declaration as requested (counties and programs can be added later) ; MAY award a declaration with programmatic or area (county) limitations OR Deny the request outright (See 44CFR206.38/40)

58. 58 Small Business Administration – SBA Only Declaration 25 homes and/or businesses that have 40% or more uninsured losses Requires local damage assessment, state verification SBA surveys damage area Governor requests a declaration

59. 59 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS

60. 60 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS FEMA Individuals and Households Program (IHP) Housing Assistance (HA) Other Needs Assistance (ONA)

61. 61 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) Disaster Loan Program Provides low-interest rate loans for event-related business, home, personal property and transportation losses. Requires meeting repayment criteria. Primary component of Individual Assistance package. Loan Program may become available for events of lesser impact, referred to as Agency-only.

62. 62 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Farm Service Agency (FSA Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) Provides Disaster Unemployment Benefits and Job Replacement Assistance for those Unemployed due to the Disaster Funded by the U.S. Department of Labor through FEMA; Administered by the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services Crisis Counseling Program Provides Crisis Counseling to People Affected by Disasters Federally Funded; Administered by the Ohio Department of Health Internal Revenue Services (IRS)

63. 63 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - OUTREACH FOR FEDERAL INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE FEMA/State utilizes numerous outreach methods to maximize public/business awareness of Individual Assistance: Press releases, media interviews Disaster Survivor Assistance Teams, FEMA Corp Opening of temporary information centers called Disaster Recovery Centers (DRCs), based on county or community need.

64. 64 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - OUTREACH FOR FEDERAL INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE Disaster Recovery Centers (DRCs) Staffed by: FEMA, SBA, Ohio EMA and other state agencies. County/local offices may also be represented. Serves disaster survivors: individuals, households, businesses Services provided: – status checks for FEMA and SBA applications, – housing assistance and rental resource information, – mitigation information, – addresses questions/provides solutions to problems/referrals.

65. 65 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - FEMA PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAM Defined: Cost-shared reimbursement grant administered long-term by the Ohio EMA Recovery Section. Available to local governments, special districts, authorities, primary/secondary public & private schools, certain additional private-non-profits, state agency/departments. Federal share is 75% of eligible costs. The State MAY contribute to the 25% non-federal share.

66. 66 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - FEMA PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAM Reimburses for uninsured eligible costs to: Remove event-related debris that is the responsibility of an applicant and poses an immediate threat to life or improved public/private property (Emergency Work - Category A) Undertake Emergency Protective measures that eliminate/reduce an immediate threat to: life, health, safety or significant damage to improved public or private property (Emergency Work – Category B)

67. 67 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - FEMA PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAM Permanent Work Categories PA funds repair/replacement to pre-disaster Design, Function and Capacity Category C - Roads & Bridges Category D - Water Control Structures Category E - Buildings, Contents, Equipment Category F - Public Utility Systems Category G - Parks & Recreational Facilities 406 Hazard Mitigation

68. 68 Small Business Administration – SBA Only Declaration Low-interest loans for homeowners, renters, businesses Contiguous counties are declared Automatically declared with a presidential declaration

69. 69 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Other federal agencies have their own declaration process and assistance programs. US Department of Transportation has an emergency program to assist with damages on federal highway systems USDA – Natural Resource Conservation Service has separate funding to assist with stream clearance and embankment stabilization

70. 70 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS - OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS US Department of Labor – National Employment Grants to assist unemployed by providing jobs to assist local governments with debris removal activities. Administered by Ohio Job and Family Services, requires FEMA declaration for Public Assistance

71. 71 TRAINING Ohio EMA courses – Damage Assessment (IA and PA ½ day each) – Cost Documentation (PA ½ day) – Debris Management (PA ½ day, co-instructed with EPA) FEMA Independent Study – IS 2900 – NDRF Overview – IS 403 – Introduction to IA – IS 634 – Introduction to PA – IS 632 – Introduction to Debris Management