2. The Extraordinary Earth Click here to learn about the Earth!

3. Objective Today we are going to learn interesting facts about each layer of the earth. The earth is like an M&M: They both have layers! Main Menu Click here to begin

4. Menu Core Mantle Moho Crust Click on the pictures to learn more about each layer! Click on the picture below to take the quiz last

5. Mantle Composed of iron, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, and oxygen – Silicate compounds 63.7% of Earth’s mass Convection in the mantle drives plate tectonics Next

6. Core Inner Core Outer Core *The core is Composed mainly of iron and nickel alloy Click on the pictures below to learn more about the inner and outer core Main Menu

7. Inner Core Solid and unattached to mantle – Tremendous pressure from overlying rocks Prevents liquid state Temperature: 9,000-13,000 Farenheit – Hottest layer 1.7 % of Earth’s mass Next

8. Inner Core About 1,500 miles in diameter Core Menu

9. Outer Core Liquid – Temperatures will melt iron-nickel alloy Composed of iron, sulfur, and oxygen 30.8% of Earth’s mass 7,200-9,000 degrees Fahrenheit About 1,400 miles thick Core Menu

10. Mantle The Mantle is divided into two parts: – The Upper Mantle and the Lower Mantle Upper Mantle Click on the pictures to learn more about the lower and upper mantle Main Menu Lower Mantle

11. Closest to the core Chemical composition: – Silicon, magnesium, and oxygen Rocks are soft and flow with forces Under tremendous pressure Higher viscosity then upper mantle Click on the lemonade to find out what viscosity means Mantle Menu

12. Upper Mantle Lies between crust and lower mantle Rocks are brittle enough to break under stress – Produce earthquakes Made of silicates of iron and magnesium Firm top with liquid rock on bottom Low viscosity Next

13. Upper Mantle Made of crystalline forms of olivine and pyroxene Asthenosphere: a region in the upper mantle – Involved in Plate Tectonics Lithosphere: upper mantle and the crust together Next

14. Upper Mantle Lithosphere floats on the Asthenosphere – Like marshmallows on hot chocolate Mantle Menu

15. “Moho” The boundary between the mantle and the crust is called Mohorovicic discontinuity It is about 1200 feet deep It mostly lies within the lithosphere – Lithosphere: both the crust and upper mantle Main Menu

16. Crust Composed mainly of silicate minerals (minerals made of silicon and oxygen) It is 1% of the Earth’s mass It is 3-47 miles deep It is the thinnest layer of the Earth Next

17. Crust Oceanic Crust Terrestrial Crust Consists of oceanic and terrestrial crust Main Menu Click on the pictures to learn more about Terrestrial and oceanic crust

18. Terrestrial Crust Terrestrial crust is also known as Continental crust Up to 80km thick Mostly old Composed primarily of Granite – Granite: Density of 2.7 g/cm^3 Less dense than Basalt Crust Menu

19. Oceanic Crust The crust beneath the oceans About 7km thick Young: less than 200 million years old Mainly composed of Basalt Basalt: Density of 3.0 g/cm^3 – More dense than Granite Crust Menu

20. 1.Which layer of the Earth is the hottest? A.Outer Core B.Upper Mantle C.Inner Core D.Crust Quiz Time! Click on the answer choice you think is correct!

21. 2. The resistance of a liquid to flow, or its “thickness” is A. Silicates B. Viscosity C. Convection D. Condensates Quiz Time!

22. 3.Which layer of the Earth is the thinnest? A.Crust B.Upper Mantle C.Outer Core D.Lower mantle Quiz Time!

23. 4.The boundary between the Upper Mantle and the Crust is called A.Asthenosphere B.Mohorovicic Discontinuity C.Lithosphere D.Pyroxene Quiz Time!

24. 5.The layer of the Earth that is composed of crystaline forms of olivine and pyroxene is A.Crust B.Inner Core C.Upper Mantle D.Outer Core Quiz Time!

25. 6.The Terrestrial Crust is composed mainly of Basalt and is very young. A.True B.False Quiz Time!

26. Click here

27. Citations findsounds.com moviesounds.com http://geology.com/nsta/earth-internal-structure.shtml http://www.colorado.edu/physics/phys2900/homepages/Ma rianne.Hogan/inside.html http://www.colorado.edu/physics/phys2900/homepages/Ma rianne.Hogan/inside.html http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/earth/inside- the-earth/ http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/earth/inside- the-earth/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_(geology) google.com- pictures of land, asthenosphere, layers, hot chocolate, Moho, M&M, quiz clip art- lemonade, globe, smiley face. Animated: Earth Next

28. Citations Integrated Science, 6 th edition; Tiller, Bill W.; Enger, Eldon D.; Ross, Frederick C. http://www.houseandhome.org/continental-crust-facts http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Mohorovicic_disc ontinuity http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Mohorovicic_disc ontinuity http://library.thinkquest.org/28327/html/universe/solar_syste m/planets/earth/interior/layers_of_earth.html http://library.thinkquest.org/28327/html/universe/solar_syste m/planets/earth/interior/layers_of_earth.html http://etap.org/newsletter/newsletter_02_05/es/lesson1/instr uction1tutor.html http://etap.org/newsletter/newsletter_02_05/es/lesson1/instr uction1tutor.html http://weirdsciencekids.com/Definitionviscosity.html Home