1. NASA and Amateur Radio Space Communication Will Marchant, UC Berkeley marchant@ssl.berkeley.edu http://chips.ssl.berkeley.edu/~marchant And http://www.spaceworksinc.com/

2. University of California, Berkeley Space Sciences Lab Established 1958 Supports science by UCB faculty Balloons, rockets, and satellites SETI@Home

3. Topics CHIPSat NASA Communications –Ground Network and Deep Space Network –Space Network- TDRSS –Space to Space –Military Support –Commercial Support –Protocols: CCSDS vs. IP The Amateur Radio Space Program –OSCAR –In Human Spaceflight –Protocols: AX.25

4. What is space? USAF- 50 miles FAI 100 km Who “owns” space? Outer Space Treaty ITU http://www.oosa.unvie nna.org/SpaceLaw/spa celaw.htm

5. What is an orbit?

6. Low vs. Geostationary Earth Orbits Closer to Earth’s surface Less energy Decay sooner Less radiation in equatorial Can see a hemisphere Fixed ground antennae Fixed “real estate” www.celestrak.com

9. CHIPS Program Overview University of California, Berkeley Space Sciences Laboratory & SpaceDev, Inc. P.I. Dr. Mark Hurwitz First UNEX to go beyond study phase Mission Objectives –All sky survey at EUV wavelengths (90 to 260 Å) –Constrain models of heating and cooling processes in nearby hot interstellar plasma

10. Spacecraft Bus 70 kg 3-axis stabilized +/- 2° attitude no propulsion survival solar panels S-band links Full hemisphere RF 18 month design

17. Launch December 19, 2002 –CORIOLIS mission –Shroud pyrotechnics January 11, 2003 –Tank pressurization January 12, 2003 –Launch at 1945 Eastern time!

22. End-to-end use of the Internet Early systems integration “Test the same way you’ll fly” Appropriate levels of security Mission Operations

23. CHIPSat Data Flow INTERNET MCC server SOC CHIPSat Router CHIPSat Router MCC client LAN SpaceDev UCB Adelaide switch HESSI FedSat CHIPSat MCC client

24. NASA Ground Network http://www.wff.nasa.g ov/~code452/http://www.wff.nasa.g ov/~code452/ Primarily government LEO “Small” (8 to 11 meter) dishes

25. GN Locations

26. McMurdo Tracking Station

27. NASA Deep Space Network http://deepspace.jpl.na sa.gov/dsn/http://deepspace.jpl.na sa.gov/dsn/ At least four Large (26 to 70 meter) dishes Spaced equally around the Earth Primarily inter- planetary

28. DSN Locations

29. NASA Space Network- TDRSS 26 “multiple access” users at 100b/s to 50kb/s 2 “single access” at up to 300 mb/s “Bent pipe” Doppler tracking S, Ku, and C band White Sands, NM and Guam STK images courtesy of AGI

30. TDRSS

31. Space to Space Links ESA experimenting with optical satellite links Iridium IRAS & GAIN

32. Military Support Primarily tracking –ICBM warning –Orbit elements Some telemetry monitoring

36. Commercial Support Consolidated Space Operations Contract (CSOC)- http://www.csoconline.com/ DataLynx- http://www.honeywell- tsi.com/DataLynx/ Universal Space Network- http://www.uspacenetwork.com/

37. Universal Space Network

38. Commercial Constellations OrbComm GlobalStar Iridium ARGOS INMARSAT

39. Communications Protocols TDM custom packets CCSDS- www.ccsds.org IP- ipinspace.gsfc.nasa.gov “none” for bent-pipe applications

40. The Amateur Radio Space Program

41. Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio 1961 50+ launches AMSATs in 27 countries

42. Amateur Radio on Human Spaceflight Missions Since 1983, organizations in the U.S. (SAREX), Germany (SAFEX) and Russia (MIREX), have worked with the space agencies to fly Amateur Radio and to support Educational Outreach on: Space ShuttleMir ISS

43. Initial Equipment: Phase 1 Ericsson VHF & UHF Radios Power Adapter Modules RS-232 Cable Ericsson Cables Packet Module Headset Extension Cable Headset Adapter Module Antenna Cable Power Cable Transceiver Cable

47. Ham Radio Space Protocols AM, SSB, FM, PSK, direct sequence spread spectrum AX-25 –Extended addressing –Unnumbered Information (UI) packets Morse code, SSB & FM voice Various image transfer formats

48. Future Needs Higher frequencies Optical Relay capability

49. Get involved with space! IT Senior design team project –Internet enabled “Mars rover”? –Model rocket payload? –Amateur radio balloon payload? NASA Summer Internship Local industry internship http://www.amsat.org/

50. CHIPS Science Web Page chips.ssl.berkeley.edu University Class Explorers Office www.wff.nasa.gov/pages/code850.html GSFC OMNI Project Ipinspace.gsfc.nasa.gov General www.spaceflightsoftware.com/will/references.html References