1. Heung-Sik Kang Pohang Accelerator Laboratory
PAL-XFEL 프로젝트에서의 핵심장치 국산화 현황 (Collaboration with Industry for the PAL-XFEL construction Project)
Heung-Sik Kang
Pohang Accelerator Laboratory

2. 4-th Generation Light Source: PAL-XFEL
0.1-nm Hard X-ray XFEL
Project Period: 2011 ~ 2015
Total Budget: 400 M$
10-GeV Electron Linac (Normal Conducting S-band, 60 Hz)
Total Length: 1.1 km
Pohang Light Source
(3 GeV /400 mA)
Linac
Undulator Hall
Experimental Hall
Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, South Korea

4. 10-GeV Linac Commissioned successfully on April 25th.

5. PAL-XFEL Layout
Injector L1 L2 L3 L4 L4

6. Number of Main Accelerator Sub-Systems
Item
No. of components
Supplier
S-band Accelerating Column
175
120: Mitsubishi
55: Vitzrotech
S-band Energy Doubler 42
Vitzrotech
200-MW Modulator 50
POSCO ICT,
Dawon-Sys
80 MW S-band Klystron
Toshiba
S-band LLRF / SSA
Mobiis
Magnet
251
KR Tech,
T. H. Elema
Undulator 37
(20 for HX, 7 for SX)
SFA,
Seong-Ho High tech.

7. Linac
rms Stability : 17.1 ppm
Peak-to-peak Stability : ppm

8. Challenge: Linac RF Stability
 Because of the pulse nature of the normal conducting Linac, RF stability is determined by the klystron modulator stability
S-band
X-band
Frequency [GHz]
2.856
11.424
RF phase stability Goal [degrees]
0.03
0.05
Klystron beam voltage stability [ppm]
55.3
26.1
PLS Linac klystron modulator stability : 1,000 ppm in rms

9. Why we should collaborate with industry
The sub-system requires the state-of art technology in order to satisfy the FEL requirements.
Accelerator lab has no enough man-power and engineering technology
Industry sector is very advanced in the fields of RF and digital, and fabrication
But, Industrial sectors do not know the accelerator fields that are very broad and a combination of engineering and physics.
Acc. Labs helps the industrial partners to link the Industrial technology to the accelerator

10. How we collaborate with Industrial Partner
We started the collaboration R&D one year before the official start of project
Selection process for Industrial partner
Public offering for Partners
Qualification examination by Review Committee
Start collaboration R&D with selected company
Klystron modulator: Two companies
LLRF / SSA : Two companies
Accelerating structure : one company
W/G and SLED : one company
Design & simulation : PAL and Company
Fabrication & engineering : Company
Test and Evaluation : PAL

11. Example-1: Ultra-Stable Modulator
Unit
Value
RF output power MW 80
Max. peak power
200
Beam voltage kV
400
Beam current A
500
Beam pulse width s 8
Repetition rate max. Hz 60
Pulse transformer turn ratio 17
Perveance p 2
rms Stability : 17.1 ppm
Peak-to-peak Stability : ppm
Collaborated with two Korean companies
POSCO-ICT
Dawon-Sys

12. Example-2: S-band Accelerating Structure
Accelerating gradient of 27 MV/m
Qausi-symmetric coupler with racetrack shape
Collaborated with a Korean company
: Vitzro-Tech, Korea
120 modules made by MHI, Japan

13. Example-3: S-band Energy Doubler
Two-hole coupling to withstand 380 MW peak RF power
* Collaborated with a Korean company
: Vitzro-Tech, Korea

14. Example-4: LLRF controller
10 Channels for pulse measurement
2 Channels for pulse generation
IQ modulation & demodulation
Arbitrary pulse-shaping function
Real-time feedback correction function
Klystron beam V & I measurement
IPC based computation system
Real-time data communication & BSA
* Collaborated with Korean company
: MOBIIS, Korea :

15. Example-5: S-Band SSA Main Parameters
- Operating frequency : 2856MHz±5MHz
- Input power : -10~10 dBm
- Input type : Pulse(0.5~7μs) or CW
- Output power : 600~900W
- Output type : Pulse
Output power ~950W
Stability : 0.02%(Amplitude), 0.02°(Phase)

16. Example-6: X-band SSA for PAL-XFEL
20-way combiner + Dual directional coupler : I.L < 0.8dB
Pout of Unit SSPA >= 49.0dBm (80W)
20ea * Unit SSPA >= 62.0dBm (1.6KW)
Final Coaxial Cable I.L <= 0.5dB
Final Flange Adapter I.L <= 0.2dB
Expected Final Pout = = 60.5dBm (1.1KW)

17. Example-7: Undulator 5-m long Undulator
37 units are constructed by two Korean company: SFA and Seong- Ho High tech
Undulator Measurement Room
Hall Probe System and Prototype Undulator
stable temperature control of ±0.1°C

18. Coherent Radiation Monitor
PAL-XFEL Diagnostics System
No. of Devices
Control system
Function
Stripline BPM
158
mTCA system
Beam position
Cavity BPM 50
Screen Monitor
Beam profile
Wire Scanner 11
VME system
Coherent Radiation Monitor 4
Bunch length
Deflector 3
Bunch Length
Cavity BPM
Screen Monitor
Stripline BPM
Wire Scanner
Coherent Radiation Monitor

19. Example-7: Screen Monitor

20. Example-8: PAL-XFEL Cavity BPM
Beam test at LCLS-1
LCLS BPM
PAL BPM
Technology is transferred to Vitzro-tech.
Vitzro-tech made a contracted with SLAC

21. Conclusion Collaboration with Industry is very successful.
Many key sub-systems with the state of the art technology are developed by collaborating with industry
The measured beam stability at 10 GeV shows that the sub-system performances meet the FEL requirements.

22. Thank you for your attention