1. Chapter 2: Minerals
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

2. Elements and the Periodic Table
An element is a substance that can not be broken down into simpler substance by chemical or physical means.
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

3. #1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

4. Atoms
An atom is the smallest particle of matter that contains the characteristics of an element.
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

5. Protons & Neutrons
A proton has about the same mass as a neutron. Hydrogen atoms have only a single proton in their nuclei, while some other atoms contain more than 100 protons.
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

6. Atomic Number
The number of protons in a nucleus of an atom is called the atomic number.
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%
Atomic Mass = The combined number of protons and neutrons

7. Electrons
An electron is the smallest of the three fundamental particles in an atom. An electron has the mass of about 1/1836 the mass of a proton or a neutron.
Electrons move about the nucleus sp rapidly that they create a sphere-shaped negative zone.
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

8. Why Atoms Bond
Most elements exist combined with other elements to form substances with properties that are different from the elements themselves.
Sodium is often found combined with the element chorine as the mineral halite.
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%
Rock Salt

9. Why Atoms Bond
Most elements exist combined with other elements to form substances with properties that are different from the elements themselves.
Sodium is often found combined with the element chorine as the mineral halite.
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%
Rock Salt

10. #1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

11. Let’s Review
An __________ is a substance that can not be broken down into simpler substance by chemical or physical means.
element
An _____ is the smallest particle of matter that contains the characteristics of an element.
atom
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%
The number of __________ in a nucleus of an atom is called the atomic number.
protons
The combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called the __________.
atomic mass

12. #1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

13. Chapter 2.2 Minerals
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

14. Students will be able to… List five characteristics of minerals
Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to…
List five characteristics of minerals
Describe the process that result in mineral formation
Explain how minerals can be classified
List three of the major groups of minerals
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

15. silicon-oxygen tetrahedron =
Vocabulary:
mineral =
silicate =
silicon-oxygen tetrahedron =
A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with an orderly crystalline structure and a definite chemical composition
Any one of numerous minerals that have the oxygen and silicon tetrahedron as their basic structure
A structure composed of four oxygen atoms surrounding a silicon atom, which constitutes the basic building block of silicate minerals
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

16. Tetrahedron = Tetra comes from the Greek word for “four”
The part hedron comes from the Greek word for “face”
So a tetrahedron is a shape that has four faces
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

17. Interesting Fact
Judging from the enormous number of known minerals (over 3800), one might think that a large number of elements are needed to make them. Surprisingly, the bulk of all minerals are made up of only eight elements.
These elements, in order of abundance, are
Oxygen (O)
Silicon (Si)
Aluminum (Al)
Iron (Fe)
Calcium (Ca)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Magnesium (Mg)
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

18. Interesting Fact Minerals are classified according to: Color Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

19. Mineral Classification
Minerals are classified according to: 
Color
Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
Small amounts of different elements can give the same mineral different colors
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

20. Mineral Classification
Minerals are classified according to: 
Color
Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
The color of the mineral in its powder form
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

21. Mineral Classification
Minerals are classified according to: 
Color
Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
Term used to describe how light is reflected from the surface of the mineral
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

22. Mineral Classification
Minerals are classified according to: 
Color
Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
Visible expression of a mineral’s internal arrangement of atoms (i.e., cubic, hexagonal, etc.)
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

23. Mineral Classification
Minerals are classified according to: 
Color
Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
Measures the resistance of a mineral
It’s one of the most commonly used properties to identify a mineral
Uses the Mohs scale
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

24. PDF file on Canvas
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

25. Mineral Classification
Minerals are classified according to: 
Color
Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
The tendency of the mineral to cleave, or break, along flat, even surfaces
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

26. Mineral Classification
Minerals are classified according to: 
Color
Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%
Minerals that do not show cleavage when broken are said to fracture
Fracture is the uneven breakage of a mineral

27. Mineral Classification
Minerals are classified according to: 
Color
Streak
Luster
Crystal Form
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Density
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%
A property of all matter that is the ratio of an object’s mass to its volume

28. Section 2.2 Minerals “Worksheet”
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%

29. Let’s Review
Tetrahedron comes from two Greek words, tetra meaning ____ and hedron meaning ______
“four”
“face”
Describe the processes that result in mineral formation.
Explain how minerals can be classified.
#1:
Simply add all scores and divide by the number of grades to determine the overall percentage/GPA
= 420
420/6 = 70%
#2:
(Formative = 30% of the total GPA)
420/6 = 70%
70 x 0.30 = 21 points
(Summative = 70% of the total GPA )
= 210
210/3 = 70%
70 x 0.70 = 49 points
Lastly, add the points from both categories to determine the total GPA
21 points + 49 points = 70%
List three of the major groups of minerals
List five characteristics of minerals