1. Warm-up Questions: A population has a better chance of survival if the population is more genetically _____________. A population has a better chance of survival if the population is more genetically _____________. What the difference between a genetic trait and an acquired trait? What the difference between a genetic trait and an acquired trait? Diverse An genetic trait is inherited from the parents, an acquired trait is learned to deal with an immediate need.

2.   Random changes in the frequency of a gene in a small isolated population, presumably owing to chance rather than natural selection. Genetic Drift:

3.   A period in the history of a population during which the number of individuals is reduced to a low number, perhaps by disease or extreme environmental conditions.  Can be the cause of genetic drift. Bottleneck Effect:

4.   A founder effect occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population. This small population size means that the colony may have:  reduced genetic variation from the original population.  a non-random sample of the genes in the original population. Founder Effect

5.   Transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another Gene Flow

6.   Occurs when biological populations of the same species become isolated from each other which prevents or interferes with genetic mixing. Allopatric Speciation:

7.   Organisms that have little genetic mixing with other organisms within the same species.  This may result in new species, but not always. Genetic Isolation:

8.   Type of reproductive isolation that keeps species from mating with others.  Prezygotic isolation prevents the fertilization of eggs. Prezygotic Reproductive Isolation:

9.   A population of animals, plants, or other organisms that are separated from exchanging genetic material with other organisms of the same species.  This can lead to multiple new species from the original parent species. Geographic Isolation:

10.   Two or more species live in the same area but different habitats. ( Encounter each other rarely, not geographically isolated)  Example: water snakes VS land snakes. Habitat Isolation:

11.   Species-specific signals and elaborate behavioral patterns that are used by closely related species to insure contact with the proper mate. Behavioral Isolation:

12.   Evolutionary mechanism that keeps individuals of different species from interbreeding, even if they live in the same environment.  Example: breeding during certain times of year only. Temporal Isolation

13.   Anatomical incompatibility that prevents breeding. Mechanical Isolation

14.   Prevents the formation of fertile offspring Postzygotic Isolation: