1. Tsuyoshi Kawakami ILO SafeWork Participatory approaches to improving working conditions

2. Examples of participatory programmes to improve working conditions in grassroots workplaces Work Improvement in Neighbourhood Development (WIND) Work Improvement in Small Enterprises (WISE) Work Improvement for Safe Home (WISH) Work Improvement in Small Construction Sites (WISCON) Work adjustment for Recycling and Managing Waste (WARM)

3. Viewpoints to promote participatory approaches 1. visiting workplaces and directly observing their working conditions, 2. listening to voices of workers and employers, 3. leaning from existing local solutions, 4. applying group work methods, 5. working with various people’s organizations such as workers’, employers’, farmers’, women’s organizations, and NGOs.

4. 1.Good practice approach 2.Cooperation with local people’s networks 3.Photos sheets for on-site training activities WISH Programme: Approach to home workers in Cambodia

5. Start with participatory, action- checklist exercise

6. 21. Increase natural ventilation by having more openings, windows or open doorways. Do you propose action ? o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:……………….………………… ………………………..………………….. 22. Provide adequate clothes and personal protective equipment such as glasses, shoes, and gloves. Do you propose action ? o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:………….……………………… ……………………..…………………….. 23. Provide at least two unobstructed exits from rooms and enough fire extinguishers. Do you propose action ? o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:……….………………………… …………………..……………………….. WISH (Work Improvement for Safe Home) action checklist with illustrations

7. Group work for identifying practical actions for improvements Group discussion Presentation

8. Follow-up visits to see improvements

9. Simple changes improve safety, productivity Simple seating arrangement >>> Reduced low- back stress Materials located within easy reach >>> Higher productivity and income (quality products)

10. Extending WISH training: Training Cambodian trainers to use good example photo sheets

11. Government as a facilitator Reaching home workplaces -Support varied people’s networks in informal economy workplaces- NGOs Home workers Workers Government inspectors Home workers Employers Follow-up visitsAchievement workshops

12. WISCON Programme: Approach to small construction sites 1.Direct visit to construction sites 2.Listening to workers’ voices 3.Developing illustrations showing good examples

13. Checklist exercise

14. 11. Evenly distribute materials over scaffolds to avoid overloading. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… 12. Secure ladders at or near the top even if only used for a short time. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… 13. Use safe lines for the roof work and the work at height. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… 14. Secure the scaffold to the building in enough places to prevent scaffold collapse. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… 15. Mount all the uprights of the scaffold on proper base plates. Do you propose action?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks: …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………… III. WORK AT HEIGHT WISCON action checklist

15. Group discussions among construction workers

16. Follow-up visits to support improvement actions (Thailand)

18. Improvement examples in Vietnam OSH policy

19. Self risk assessment using an action checklist

22. 1. Action-checklist exercise to find points to be improved 2. Farmer trainer showing local good examples WIND training to farmers

23. Action checklist 9. Adjust the work height so that work is done at elbow level or slightly lower than elbow level. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:……………….………………… ………………………..………………….. 10. Provide stable chairs or benches with sturdy backrests. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:………………….……………… …………………………..……………….. 11. Choose work methods to alternate standing and sitting and to avoid bending and squatting postures as much as possible. Do you propose action ?  No  Yes  Priority Remarks:…………….…………………… ………………………..………………….. Example of WIND Action-Checklist with good example illustrations

24. 3. Husbands and wives together making their action proposals 4. Husbands and wives presenting proposals. (Follow- up visits to them will be made a few months later) WIND training for farmers

25. Improvement examples made by farmers Example １； Self-made hand trucks for carrying heavy materials

26. Example 2 ： Covering a moving machine belt Before improvement After improvement Improvement examples made by farmers

27. Example 3 ： Safe storage of pesticides (left) and used pesticide bottles (right) Improvement examples made by farmers

28. Example 4: Improving a community bridge Improvement examples made by farmers Before improvement After improvement

29. Central government Provincial committee WIND farmer volunteers Neighbouring farmers Policy support & training materials WIND training and follow-up activities Training and supporting farmer volunteers ILO Technical Cooperation Government support system to WIND farmer volunteers in Vietnam

30. Extending WIND training WIND farmer volunteers train neighbouring farmers WIND farmer volunteer

31. 24 WIND trainer workshops held 480 WIND farmer volunteers trained Developing WIND farmer volunteer systems in Vietnam - Supported by ILO/Japan multibilateral programme from 2005-2007 - 28,508 improvements made by participating farmers 7,922 farmers trained by WIND farmer volunteers

32. 1 st National Safety and Health Programme （ 2006-2010 ） ; - adopted WIND farmer volunteer systems; and - allocated national budget for increasing coverage. WIND Training integrated into National Safety and Health Programme

33. Training WIND farmer volunteers WIND training by farmer volunteers Summary: Steps taken to extend WIND training and reach more grassroots farmers Step 1 Integrated into national policy & programme Reaching more farmers at grassroots Follow-up and networking farmer volunteers Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Collecting local good examples

34. WIND in Thailand

35. WIND Programme in Korea - Learning from Experiences of Vietnam - WIND is blowing !

36. WIND Checklist Korean Version WIND is blowing !

37. Senegal - A Vietnamese WIND trainer worked with Senegalese counterparts and collected local good examples - WIND is blowing !

38. Taking short breaks to recover from fatigue and prevent accidents Developing locally-adjusted illustrations showing good examples Senegalese ! Vietnamese !

39. Key steps in participatory training 1.Workplace visit with checklist exercise 2.Technical sessions materials handling, workstations, machine safety, physical environment, welfare facilities, etc. Group workGood examples 3.Final proposal development 4.Follow-up visits

40. Participatory training programmes help local people: 1.Take a fresh look at multiple workplace needs; 2.Implement low-cost, practical improvement measures; 3.Gather local wisdom and initiative; 4.Develop self-sustaining cooperation networks; 5.Activate local people’ networks.

41. Trade unions: 1. understand immediate needs of grassroots workplaces; 2. provide network support in a practical, easy-to-understand manner; 3. maintain friendly relationships with local workers for step-wise improvements.

42. Thank you… Occupational Safety and Health, ILO Decent Work Team