1. URBANIZATION The urban population of the U. S. grew from about 10,000,000 in 1870 to over 30,000,000 by 1900 The urban population of the U. S. grew from about 10,000,000 in 1870 to over 30,000,000 by 1900 Immigrants tended to stay in the cities, where they worked long hours for little pay. Immigrants tended to stay in the cities, where they worked long hours for little pay. Farmers began moving to the cities to take advantage of the amenities Farmers began moving to the cities to take advantage of the amenities

2. URBANIZATION Housing and transportation needs changed due to the increase in the amount of people living in the cities Housing and transportation needs changed due to the increase in the amount of people living in the cities As the cities became more crowded and land increased in price, building owners began to build skyscrapers As the cities became more crowded and land increased in price, building owners began to build skyscrapers The late 1800s saw the beginning of mass transit with the development of cable cars, electric trolley cars, and elevated railroads The late 1800s saw the beginning of mass transit with the development of cable cars, electric trolley cars, and elevated railroads

3. URBANIZATION

4. Separation of the Classes Wealthy families lived in the heart of the city where they constructed elaborate homes. Wealthy families lived in the heart of the city where they constructed elaborate homes. The middle class tended to live away from the city. The middle class tended to live away from the city. The majority of working class were urban dwellers who lived in tenements. The majority of working class were urban dwellers who lived in tenements.

5. Urban Problems The growth of cities resulted in an increase in crime, fire, disease, and pollution. Contaminated drinking water from improper sewage disposal resulted in epidemics of typhoid fever and cholera.

8. Urban Politics The political machine was an informal political group designed to gain and keep political power. The political machine was an informal political group designed to gain and keep political power. Political machines provided essential city services in exchange for votes. Political machines provided essential city services in exchange for votes. Party bosses ran the political machines. Party bosses ran the political machines. Party bosses had tight control of the city’s money and many became wealthy through graft. Party bosses had tight control of the city’s money and many became wealthy through graft.

9. Urban Politics George Plunkett, an Irish immigrant was one of NYC’s most powerful party bosses. George Plunkett, an Irish immigrant was one of NYC’s most powerful party bosses. The most famous New York Democratic political machine was Tammany Hall. The most famous New York Democratic political machine was Tammany Hall. Tammany Hall’s boss was William M. Tweed, who was arrested for corruption and sent to prison in 1874. Tammany Hall’s boss was William M. Tweed, who was arrested for corruption and sent to prison in 1874.