1. Echinoderms copyright cmassengale

2. https://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/vi deos/4880E0EA-1EA5-42A4-83DA- 299F3921DCDD?hasLocalHost=falsehttps://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/vi deos/4880E0EA-1EA5-42A4-83DA- 299F3921DCDD?hasLocalHost=false copyright cmassengale

3. Why are we learning echinoderms right before chordates?? features characteristic of deuterostome mode of development Their DNA are closely similar copyright cmassengale

6. Diversity  Echinodermata means “spiny skin”  Echinoderms usually inhabit shallow coastal waters and ocean trenches  organisms in this class include: Sea stars Brittle stars Sand dollars Sea cucumbers copyright cmassengale

7. Characteristics  change from a free-swimming bilaterally symmetrical larva to a bottom-dwelling adult with radial symmetry.  Most have five radii or multiples which is known as pentaradial symmetry  they have an endoskeleton that is made up of calcium plates, may include protruding spines copyright cmassengale

8.  Have small feet called tube feet that aid in movement, feeding, respiration, & excretion.  Do not have circulatory, respiratory of excretory systems.  Have a nervous system but no head or brain.  There are two sexes and they can produce sexually and asexually. copyright cmassengale

9. Taxonomists have divided 6,000 species of echinoderms into five classes: copyright cmassengale

10.  Crinoidea  Asteroidea  Ophiuroidea  Echinoidea  Holothuroidea copyright cmassengale

11. Crinoidea (“lilylike”)  They include:  Sea lilies  Feather stars  Crinoidea are sessile (attached directly by its base)  they have long stalks that attach to rocks or to the ocean floor  feather stars eventually detach themselves  Sticky tube feet that are at the end of each arm catch food and serve as a respiratory surface. copyright cmassengale

12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFWeq DcAYGkhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFWeq DcAYGk copyright cmassengale

13. Asteroidea (“star-like”)  starfish or sea stars belong in this class  found all over coastal shores around the world  prey on oysters, clams, and other sea food copyright cmassengale

14. https://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/vi deos/63CE5B7A-2929-4F42-BD20- E2D98539001A?hasLocalHost=falsehttps://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/vi deos/63CE5B7A-2929-4F42-BD20- E2D98539001A?hasLocalHost=false https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Krfcgl OmBYw&nohtml5=Falsehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Krfcgl OmBYw&nohtml5=False copyright cmassengale

15. Ophiuroidea (“snakelike”)  largest echinoderm class  includes basket stars & brittle stars  primarily reside under stones & in crevices and holes of coral reefs  have thin brittle arms that break off & regenerate themselves quickly  feed by raking food off the ocean floor with their arms and bottom of tube feet  also trap food with mucus strands between their spines. copyright cmassengale

16. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Myhp8i fW6ig&nohtml5=Falsehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Myhp8i fW6ig&nohtml5=False START 6 SECONDS IN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIdxO Go2Ar4&nohtml5=Falsehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIdxO Go2Ar4&nohtml5=False copyright cmassengale

17. Echinoidea (“hedgehoglike”)  sand dollars & sea urchins  test: rigid endoskeleton that the internal organs are compacted in  Aristotle’s lantern: complex jaw-like mechanism that is used to grind their food  locomotion: tube feet  protection: barbs on their long spines that are sometimes venomous copyright cmassengale

19. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3W4 OCnHyCs&list=PL8PzguM5r5jFuqLoUzrE DAWWkR29xYMA9&nohtml5=Falsehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3W4 OCnHyCs&list=PL8PzguM5r5jFuqLoUzrE DAWWkR29xYMA9&nohtml5=False copyright cmassengale

20. Sand dollars  live along seacoasts & sandy areas  flat, round shape bodies; and adaptation for shallow burrowing  locomotion: short spines (also aid in burrowing & cleaning their bodies)  use tubes to filter food out of water copyright cmassengale

21. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uwOU RjneWQ&list=PL8PzguM5r5jFuqLoUzrED AWWkR29xYMA9&index=9&nohtml5=F alsehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uwOU RjneWQ&list=PL8PzguM5r5jFuqLoUzrED AWWkR29xYMA9&index=9&nohtml5=F alse copyright cmassengale

22. Holothuroidea  sea cucumbers belong in this class  bodies are soft  how they feed: tentacles around the mouth sweep up sediment from the water  protection: eject internal organs through the anus.  Lost parts are later regenerated.  Process called evisceration copyright cmassengale

23. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXf_Y odWw40&list=PL8PzguM5r5jG58k6mnA GyHo8Dd-8MPC7n&nohtml5=Falsehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXf_Y odWw40&list=PL8PzguM5r5jG58k6mnA GyHo8Dd-8MPC7n&nohtml5=False https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKWSL g5PDiU&index=2&list=PL8PzguM5r5jG58 k6mnAGyHo8Dd- 8MPC7n&nohtml5=Falsehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKWSL g5PDiU&index=2&list=PL8PzguM5r5jG58 k6mnAGyHo8Dd- 8MPC7n&nohtml5=False copyright cmassengale

24. Structure & Function copyright cmassengale

25. Body Plan of the Sea Star  oral surface: mouth located on the underside of the body  aboral surface: top of the body  ossicles: sharp protective spines made of calcium plates, covered with thin epidermal layer  pedicellariae: tiny forceps that protect and clean the body surface copyright cmassengale

28. Water-Vascular System  hydrostatic pressure permits movement copyright cmassengale

29.  ampulla: bulblike sac that each foot connects to  feet contract, water enters and are able to suction onto surface of slippery rocks copyright cmassengale

30. Feeding & Digestion  uses feet  eat mollusks, worms, and slow-moving animals  enzymes help digest food copyright cmassengale

31. Other Body Parts  fluid in coelom bathes organs & distributes nutrients & oxygen  skin gills: protect coelom lining; gases are exchanged  nerve ring: surrounds mouth & branches off into nerve cords in each arm.  Eyespots: on each arm that responds to light  tentacles: responds to touch copyright cmassengale

32. Reproduction   each arm produces sperm & egg  occurs externally  bipinnaria: free-swimming larva that a fertilized egg develops into  settles in the bottom and develops into an adult through metamorphosis  reproduce asexually by regenerating lost parts copyright cmassengale

33. Biology Junction copyright cmassengale