1. Food and the Diet

2. 5 different types of food
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Minerals
Vitamins

3. Carbohydrates Type 1 Function: to provide energy.
Examples include sugars and starch
Sources: fruits, cakes, sweets

4. Carbohydrates Type 2 Second type of carbohydrate is known as fibre.
Function: to keep the digestive system in good working order
A lack of fibre in the diet causes constipation
Sources: Green vegetables, wholegrain bread and cereals

5. Examples of fibre

6. Fats Function: to store energy
A layer of fat below the skin helps to insulate against loss of heat.
Sources: milk, dairy products and fatty meat

7. Examples of Fats

8. Proteins Function: To provide materials that cells need to grow
Proteins also form substances called enzymes
Sources: Milk, lean meat, fish, eggs and nuts

9. Sources of Protein

10. Minerals Function: the function of minerals are varied
Iron is needed by the blood.
A source of Iron is cabbage
A lack of iron in the diets causes anaemia

11. Minerals Calcium is needed for the formation of bones and teeth.
Good sources of calcium are milk and cheese
A lack of calcium in the diet causes rickets

12. Vitamins The function of vitamins also vary
There are several different vitamins each represented with a letter
Low levels of a particular vitamin lead to a deficiency disease

13. Vitamin C Prevents a disease called scurvy
Sources: Citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons and limes.
Needed to keep skin and gums healthy

14. Water Water is essential in the diet
Makes up 60-70% of the human body!
A person can survive many weeks without food but will die in a few days without water

15. Why Is Water so Important?
Water is an excellent solvent
Transport around the body is done using water
Water is required to remove wastes from the body e.g. in urine and sweat
Water is needed to control body temperature