1. PERCEPTION Tristram Jones PhD Kaplan University Intro to Psych, SS124, 26AU

2. Sensation vs. Perception! SENSATION: NOT simple awareness!? Simple sensation! Remember good old Helmholtz and his frogs? SENSATION: NOT simple awareness!? Simple sensation! Remember good old Helmholtz and his frogs? PERCEPTION may coincide with AWARENESS! (Ouch, my hand is burning up!) Or lag slightly! PERCEPTION may coincide with AWARENESS! (Ouch, my hand is burning up!) Or lag slightly! TRANSDUCTION puts sensation and awareness together in the BRAIN with interpretation as neural signals! TRANSDUCTION puts sensation and awareness together in the BRAIN with interpretation as neural signals!

3. How Unique is Transduction? How does synethesia work? “It will shed new light” means we don’t know! How does synethesia work? “It will shed new light” means we don’t know! Synesthetes prove that transduction can be a dramatically individual process! Synesthetes prove that transduction can be a dramatically individual process! Wundt failed utterly to measure perceptual experience—how can it be done? Wundt failed utterly to measure perceptual experience—how can it be done? PSYCHOPHYSICS is the brainchild of Gustav Fechner (methods that measure the strength of a stimuli and the sensitivity of subjects to stimuli). PSYCHOPHYSICS is the brainchild of Gustav Fechner (methods that measure the strength of a stimuli and the sensitivity of subjects to stimuli).

4. Transduction can synthesize senses in other ways we can all understand, (even though we don’t!) The olfactory sense, of the 5 senses, is the most immediately mnemonic—and nobody really knows why! It also lends itself most naturally to creating synethesia, but not in such a fun way! The olfactory sense, of the 5 senses, is the most immediately mnemonic—and nobody really knows why! It also lends itself most naturally to creating synethesia, but not in such a fun way!

5. And then there’s David Hume! 18 th Century Scottish Philosopher Has Never been Refuted (unless you count Samuel Johnson!) 18 th Century Scottish Philosopher Has Never been Refuted (unless you count Samuel Johnson!)

6. The mystery of perceptual constancy! Does your brain have “spell check”? We know that specific neurons react to specific shapes, angles, edges, and so on. Other parts of the brain detect motion. But you can read because of perceptual constancy! Unlike your computer, you can match an infinite number of images and variations. Your computer can spell monkey, and maybe Monkees, but not muennkeiee! (“no suggestions”!) Does your brain have “spell check”? We know that specific neurons react to specific shapes, angles, edges, and so on. Other parts of the brain detect motion. But you can read because of perceptual constancy! Unlike your computer, you can match an infinite number of images and variations. Your computer can spell monkey, and maybe Monkees, but not muennkeiee! (“no suggestions”!)

7. Single neurons are why you can unravel identities even when changes are made! WHO ARE THESE MEN???

8. YOUR BRAIN sees GESTALTS! Gestalt Psychology’s theory of EMERGENCE seems to contradict structuralism—Wundt hated it! Gestalt Psychology’s theory of EMERGENCE seems to contradict structuralism—Wundt hated it! FUNCTIONALISM STRUCTURALISM

9. A contemporary psychology of perception is Objects Relations Theory Objects are initially comprehended in the infant mind by their functions and are termed "part objects." Objects are initially comprehended in the infant mind by their functions and are termed "part objects." Internal objects are formed by the patterns emerging in one's repeated subjective experience of the care taking environment. (Phantasies) Internal objects are formed by the patterns emerging in one's repeated subjective experience of the care taking environment. (Phantasies) Splitting occurs distinguishing good and bad objects. Splitting occurs distinguishing good and bad objects. Schizophrenia=failure to integrate these split good and bad functions through resolved phantasy Schizophrenia=failure to integrate these split good and bad functions through resolved phantasy

10. Subliminal sensory power??? Advertising relied initially on two forms of subliminal suggestion—flash messages and encrypted ones, called “embeds”! Advertising relied initially on two forms of subliminal suggestion—flash messages and encrypted ones, called “embeds”!