1. Foundations of Our Constitution Chapter 3 Business Law Mrs. A

2. Goals  Identify the human rights protected by the Bill of Rights and other amendments  Understand Due Process of Law  Identify the 3 Branch of the Government and the unique systems of Checks and Balances

3. Declaration of Independence Articles of Confederation   July 4, 1776   It declared all men are created equal, …endowed with certain unalienable rights…”   Institute their own government WON THE WAR!!!!   1781, 13 states loosely chartered under the “Articles of Confederation”   1 house Legislature; strict term limits on members; power to declare war, make peace; national defense   States asked for payments; 2/3 vote requirement for bills; Amendments with unanimous vote only

4. U.S. Constitution   13 States gathered to form a STRONGER CENTRAL GOVERNMENT   1787 - 1789; Constitution was drafted and ratified   4 of the 13 states did not ratify the Constitution because….?? Bill of Rights – Amendments 1-10 (p. 45)   They protect what type of rights?

5. Civil Rights  Personal, natural rights guaranteed by the Constitution, protected by the Judicial System  First Amendment   Remember :   The role of government is one of neutrality.   Separation between church and state   Tolerates all religions, but support none

6. Due Process of Law   Included in the 5 th Amendment – “No Person shall be …deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law…”   Guarantees fairness and your grievance will be heard   Legal Rights – benefits entitled to you by law (Speedy trial, no illegal search/seizure, right to assemble in a peaceful manner)   Legal Duties (Responsibilities) – standards of conduct toward other people that are enforceable by law (Don’t steal, murder, bribe, or assault others)

7. Peripheral Rights   Not explicitly mentioned, written or stated in the U.S. Constitution   1960 U.S. Supreme Court acknowledged this right   Right to Privacy

8. Three Branches of the Government/Checks & Balances   Executive, Legislative, Judicial   What are checks and balances and why do they exist?

9. Changing the Constitution   Amendments  Proposed 2/3 majority vote in both Senate and House OR  Legislatures of 2/3 of all the states call a convention of all the states MUST BE ratified by 3/4 of the states for both amendment situations.

10. Form of Government  Democratic Republic   What does that mean??   Why do some people choose not to vote??

11. Sovereignty of the State   What is sovereignty? States retain these powers: Business and Contract Law Most criminal and tort law Real property Probate and domestic relations law

12. Assignment: Please use complete sentences to answer the following questions. 1.in your own words 1.Rewrite the Bill of Rights in your own words. Page 45. 2. 2.There are multiple items in Amendments 1-10. Make sure you include ALL of them. 3. 3.If you had to choose the most important right in the Bill of Rights, which one would it be and why?