1. LITTÉRATIE PHYSIQUE Circus Arts Instruction as a Quality Physical Literacy Experience in PE

4. The Audience Effect In Performance Arts people perform for audiences. In Sport, Rec and PE people perform in front of audiences. In all cases, the Audience Effect is present! Audience needs to be purposefully progressed. “Each person needs to find their own shoes, then grow in their shoes, and uses their own shoes” Patrice Aubertin Social Inhibition Social Facilitation

6. Quality Physical Literacy Experience Social Psychological Physiological Biomechanics Performance Nutrition Outcome Eudemonia “flourishing” Meaningful Participation Recreation Sport Vocation Performance Arts Early Childhood Educators At School Physical Education Rehabilitation Medicine Physical and Mental Health Justice Employment … The NEW MODEL for Intervention

7. Activity Participation Fitness Movement Vocabulary Creativity Durability Error Reduction Error Reduction Motor Competence Physicalliteracy.ca Motor control errors Selection error Sequencing Error Free Play + FMS

8. Movement Skills are the building blocks of Participation & Movement Creativity. GG

9. The G ATEWAY to active participation. A journey not a destination.

10. Movement Skill/TaskGrade 4 PEGrade 5 PE Run a square ✔ Run there and back ✔ Run, jump, land on 2 feetJump & land 2 feet ✔ Crossovers ✔ Skip ✔ Gallop ✔ Hop ✔ Jump ✔ Overhand throw ✔ Strike with stick ✔ One-handed catchCatching ✔ Hand dribble stationary & moving forward ✔ Kick ball ✔ Foot dribble moving forwardDribbling using feet ✔ Balance walk (heel to toe) forward ✔ Balance walk backward ✔ PE has Curricular Expectations (Motor Competence)

11. Domains – Physical Environments Diversity Competence – Cognitive/Affective Comprehension Self-efficacy Worry Confidence etc – Social/Behavioural Participation PLAY Fun – Motor Competence – Confidence – Comprehension of terms – Quantity of Acquired Movement Vocabulary PLAY Creativity PL Perception Tools – PLAY Self – PLAY Parent – PLAY Coach Participation (PLAY Inventory) – Type – Environment Physicalliteracy.ca

12. Boys, n=2938 Girls, n=2835 Overhand Throw (Proficiency, mean 95% CI) Curricular Expectation My Personal Best, 2014

13. Kick a ball (Proficiency, mean 95% CI) Boys, n=2938 Girls, n=2835 Curricular Expectation My Personal Best, 2014

14. Confidence in Performing Activity (My Personal Best, 2014) Confidence in activity (mean 95% CI) Boys, n=2938 Girls, n=2835

15. Confidence Motivation Competence The Cycle

16. Break Competence & Confidence – Dissociate Happiness from PA

17. Motor Competence in Curricular Linked Skills (n=5773, My Personal Best, 2014) Female > Male Male > Female

18. PL Gender Gap Widens with Age

19. Physical Inactivity & Physical Literacy Age MalesFemales 6–11 48.934.7 12–15 11.93.4 16–19 105.4 20–59 3.83.2 60+ 2.52.3 Adherence (%) to PA Guidelines (Troiano et al 2008)

20. Circus Arts Instruction? The Solution?

21. Circus Arts Instruction Aims to help: – Gain self-confidence – Acquire social skills – Discover talents and potential – Encourage physical activity – Develop artistry, creativity and story telling Circus arts overlaps sport and artistic practices (Aubertin, 2013) – Circus arts practice allows the use of one’s body as a mean for one’s self-expression NOT TO DEVELOP circus performers Circus is intentionally inclusive and non-competitive (Maglio & McKinstry, 2008)

22. Circus arts instruction creates… 1.A positive experience from working in a group or alone Social cohesion & group dynamics 2.An environment where it is possible to fail without losing face or feeling inferior “Confidence is grown on a fun and challenging path mixed with successes and failures” 3.Many different skill domains, with varying levels of difficulty Centre for Practise as Research in Theatre (2012). Effective Circus Project 2011-2014. Finland, University of Tampere.

23. Safe, Supported Enviro Teamwork Body Awareness Self- Confidence Discipline Leadership Creativity Benefits of Circus (Maglio and McKinstry, 2008)

24. Juggling & Manipulatives – Flower sticks, juggling balls & scarves, diabolo Balance – Rola bola, stilts, unicycle, wire Acrobatics – Floor – Trampoline – German wheel Aerials – Trapeze, silk, rope Theatre & Clowning – Audience

25. Sample & PLAY Tool Completion Total N=211Jan 2014June 2014 FUNn=205 (97%)195 (92) SELF182 (86)171 (81) INVENTORY164 (78)149 (71) PARENT154 (73)112 (53) COACH154 (73)192 (91) PE CIRCUS110 PE101 Grade 4106 Grade 5105 Male95 Female116

26. PLAY Fun Aggregate PL Motor Competence Score (Grade 5)

27. PLAY Fun – M otor Competence Difference at Endpoint; Grade 5; sexes combined Run a square Run there and back Run jump and land on two feet Crossovers Skip Gallop Hop Jump Overhand throw Strike with a stick One handed catch Hand dribble Kick ball Foot dribble Balance forward Balance backward Drop to ground & Up Lift and Lower Locomotor Transport Manip Upper Manip Lower Balance Body Control

28. Confidence MotivationParticipation Competence

29. PLAY Fun Confidence PE CIRCUSPE p=0.008

30. PLAY Fun Comprehension - Describe PE CIRCUSPE p=0.05

31. Confidence MotivationParticipation Competence

32. PLAY Self – Cognitive Domains Question Group (G) C & PE Grade (Gr) 4 & 5 Sex (S) F & M Comprehend G 0.072 C > PE Best Mover G 0.017 C > PE YES M>F Talented G 0.111 C > PE G*Gr 0.11 C > PE Eager G*S 0.055 F C > F PE Active happy G*S 0.002 F C > F PE PL SELF AGGREGATEG 0.089 C > PE YES 5>4 Group Effect Group*Sex Effect

33. PLAY Parent Question Group (G) C & PE Grade (Gr) 4 & 5 Sex (S) F & M PL Parent VAS G 0.009 C > PE MotivationG 0.078 C > PE

34. Confidence MotivationParticipation Competence

35. Active Participation: PLAY Inventory Grade 4 Grade 5 PE CIRCUSPE p < 0.01

36. Literacy, Numeracy, PL at School PE CIRCUSPE Overall Group Effect p=0.004 C > PE

37. Confidence MotivationParticipation Competence

38. Confidence MotivationParticipation Competence Successes Failures Talent! Free Play CreativityOwnership K K

39. How do I start clowning around? Get circus arts instructional training – National Circus School (Montreal) Online, 1 year and 2 year – Social Circus Instructional Videos and PDFs Cirque du Soleil Learn & use PLAY tools – Physicalliteracy.ca Get a great core – Performance Core PDF