1. The Korean War Unit 4 Section 1 Part 4

2. A. Korea Before the War ► In 1905, Korea came under the control of Japan ► After WWII, the Japanese were driven out ► At the Yalta Conference, allies decided to divide Korea into 2 parts ► -North and South ► -divided at the 38 th Parallel ► North would be temporarily controlled by USSR ► South would be temporarily controlled by US ► Both the North and the South had different leaders that wanted to unify the two countries

3. B. The Start of the War ► June 25, 1950, North Korea invades South Korea ► -their troops carried Soviet- made weapons and tanks ► The U.S. did not want another communist country ► President Truman asked the UN to take action ► The UN voted unanimously to act ► US Navy was sent to support S. Korean ground troops ► North Korea continued to invade and took over Seoul, the capital ► It was clear that ground troops were needed

4. ► Many UN nations sent troops, though most came from the U.S. ► They were placed under the command of Gen. Douglas MacArthur ► U.S. did not want another war, so it was called a Police Action

5. C. Key Battles ► Americans were outnumbered ► Fighting conditions were miserable ► UN forces were driven back to the southern tip of S. Korea ► Meanwhile, UN forces had been land troops and supplies at the port city of Pusan ► McArthur launched a surprise attack on the port city of Inchon ► -Caught N. Koreans completely off-guard ► W/in 24 hours, the UN took the city and pushed back the North

6. ► Next the UN recaptured Seoul, Korea and continued to push North ► The UN had now capture almost all of S. Korea and made it to the 38 th Parallel ► McArthur wanted to push over the line, but many feared that it might drag USSR or China into the war ► Then, 260,000 Chinese troops went into N. Korea to back them up ► UN forces were pushed back into Seoul and forced to retreat ► Then, winter set in and UN soldiers faced harsh conditions

7. ► MacArthur began to call for the bombing of N. Korea (nuclear) ► Then, a small UN force fought off the Chinese, gained ground and pushed them back to the 38 th ► Truman began to question MacArthur’s leadership ► MacArthur challenged the authority of Truman and was fired ► This made Truman look bad, because the people supported MacArthur

8. D. End of the War ► 1951, the US began to enter peace talks with N. Korea ► Under Dwight D. Eisenhower, peace was achieved ► Peace talks took place at Panmunjom ► The border stayed at the 38 th Parallel ► 37,000 U.S. troops dead ► 60,000 UN troops ► 3 million N and S Korean civilians dead