1. Media and Information Literacy as an Important Element of Civic Education to Build Culture of Open Government Alexander SHARIKOV, Professor of the National Research University «Higher School of Economics», Moscow, Russia International Conference “ Media and Information Literacy for Building Culture of Open Government ”. Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation 6–10 June 2016 International Conference “ Media and Information Literacy for Building Culture of Open Government ”. Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation 6–10 June 2016

2. Basic theses 1. One of the main functions of the education as a component of social system is to be the reproduction of culture mechanism (in large sense). The society can not be developing without education. 2. The previous thesis could be applied to each subsystem of the society. Then the media and information education is the necessary mechanism to develop the media as a social subsystem. The education for citizenship is a necessary mechanism to develop the civil society as well.

3. CITIZENSHIP OPEN GOVERNMENT MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY Notions ‘media literacy’ and ‘open government’ have a common genesis.

4. Johan Galtung GALTUNG TRIANGLE 1.Notions ‘media literacy’ and ‘open government’ have a common genesis.

5. Natural economy. All-sufficient society. Exchange of goods between countries. Society becomes more open. Interconnected Global Economy. Open Society. Historical time OPENNES BECAME A HISTORICAL TREND

6. Closeness Openness Historical time Closed State Closed Capital Closed Society Closed Media Open State Open Market Open Society Open Media OPENNES BECAME A HISTORICAL TREND

7. Probably, the first book in which title the term «media literacy» appears: Annelle S. Houk, Carlotta L.Bogart. Media literacy : thinking about, 1974.

8. In 1974 one of the earliest mentions of the term «open government» appears in publications: George F. Kugler. New Jersey’s right to know: a report on open government, 1974. Subject: government information

9. time Reading culture 1900 Audiovisual culture 19502000 Digital culture (E-culture) manuscripts, printed books, newspapers, magazines Photography Cinematography Radio Television Computers Internet Media culture Written literacyCinema literacy Visual literacy Audiovisual literacy Media literacy Information literacy Digital literacy (E-literacy) Computer literacy Audio recording Video recording Mobiles

10. Numquam ponenda est pluralitas sine necessitate Occam’s razor Plurality must never be posited without necessity

11. Media and information literacy Occam’s razor Plurality must never be posited without necessity

12.  Understand the role and functions of media in democratic societies  Engage with media for self-expression and democratic participation  Understand the conditions under which media can fulfill their functions  Evaluate critically the media content in the light of media functions  Review the skills (including ICT skills) needed to produce user-generated content  Define and articulate information needs  Locate and access information  Assess information  Organize information  Make ethical use of information  Communicate information  Use ICT skills for information processing

13. Four-component model To generalize big diversity of approaches to define media and information literacy it is possible using two meaningful oppositions: 1.Technological / social and cultural 2.Opportunities (utility) / threats (danger)

14. Four-component model Opportunities Threats Technological Social and cultural Technological opportunities Information and communication opportunities Social and cultural threats (security, responsibility, ethics, etc) Technological threats

15. Thank you!