1. Emissions: monitoring and data management
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Emissions: monitoring and data management
The Austrian experience

2. Content Data Gathering - The National System Quality Management
Data Management
Reports

3. Indicators – Reporting requirements
CSI
Indicator Title
Data Sets/sources 1
Emissions of acidifying substances
National emission ceilings inventory (Environment DG)
Trends in emissions of acidifying pollutants (CLRTAP/EMEP) 2
Emission of ozone precursors
Trends in emissions of ozone precursors (CLRTAP/EMEP)
Trends in emissions of greenhouse gases (EEA sector classification and IPCC sector classification), UNFCCC
National emission ceilings inventory 3
Emissions of primary particulates and secondary particulate precursors
Trends in emissions of particulates (CLRTAP/EMEP)
RAINS Model CAFE baseline PM10 emissions estimates (IIASA)
National emissions ceilings inventory, Environment DG
Mobile vs stationary sources, country specific reporting requirements

4. AUSTRIAN EMISSION INVENTORY Österreichische Luftschadstoff-Inventur (OLI)
Established in 1994; estimations of emission of SO2 started in 1978 under the UNECE/LRTAP Convention
The inventory is prepared annually
It comprises the greenhouse gases CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC, PFC and SF6, and the air pollutants SO2, NOx, NMVOC, NH3, CO, heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb), persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and particulate matter (TSP, PM10 & PM2.5)
Is used as data base for fulfilment of national and inter-national reporting obligations
Is subject to a continuous improvements process
It is accredited since 2005 as Inspection Body for Emission Inventories according to ISO/EN17020.
Currently about 550 sources, 6 greenhouse gases and 14 air pollutants
time series 1980 – 2012 respectively

5. Austria’s National System
-> First established with a report submitted in 2006 (NISA)
-> Changes at that time were included in the IIR/NIR
-> Ensures the quality of estimating, reporting and archiving
The Austrian National Inventory System (NISA) and its Quality Management System (QMS) covers both air pollutants and greenhouse gases.

6. NATIONAL INVENTORY SYSTEM AUSTRIA
EU ETS Data EU LCP Data
EU WI Data EU FC Data
EU IED data E-PRTR Data
Submission under UNFCCC
and under the Kyoto Protocol
National Inventory Report (NIR) CRF Tables (Common Reporting Format)
Submission under
UNECE/LRTAP
Informative Inventory Report (IIR) NFR Tables (Nomenclature for Reporting)
EC GHG Monitoring Mechanism
CRF Tables/Short-NIR
Submission under EC NEC
NFR Tables for NEC gases
State-of-the-Environment Report (SoE report)
Reports to the parliament Reports for the public
UNFCCC + Kyoto Protocol
UNECE/LRTAP + Protocols
EU Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism
Environmental Control Act
(Federal Legal Gazette 1998/152)
EU NEC Directive
National System
Quality Management System
including
Good Practice
National Inventory System Austria (NISA)
according to the Kyoto-Protocol, Article 5.1
Austrian Air
Emission Inventory
WI Waste incineration Verbrennung

7. Institutional arrangements I
Responsibilities UN EU
Austria‘s
reporting obligations
Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management
Institutional arrangements I
contract
Environment Agency Austria coordination, data compilation, reporting
Sector Experts
Waste & Waste Treatment
Project management
Department for Climate Change Mitigation & Emission Inventories
Industry & Power Plants
Transport &
Noise
Emission Trading Registry
Emissions &
Climate Change

8. AUSTRIAN INVENTORY TEAM ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES
IIR project manager
Methodological
OLI project manager
Technical
NIR project manager
Methodological
sector expert
Energy
Transport
Fugitives
─ CO2
─ CH4
─ N2O
─ HFCs
─ PFCs
─ SF6
─ SO2
─ NOx
─ NMVOC
─ NH3
─ CO
─ Heavy metals
─ POPs
─ Particular matter
Industrial Processes
Solvents
Agriculture
LULUCF
Waste
collecting activity data, emission factors and other relevant information
emission estimation
NIR/IIR report (chapter) writing
providing background data for CRF/NFR tables
QA/QC procedures

9. INVENTORY PREPARATION PROCESS
Inventory compiling includes
planning of how to distribute available resources (manpower, time,…),
prioritization of planned improvements: Based on review findings etc.
Preparation of the inventory includes three stages. I .
nventory
planning II
preparation
III
management
Inventory planning
team
timetable
data sources
key source analysis …
Inventory preparation
collecting data
emission estimation
report writing
QA/QC …
Inventory management
data processing
data storage & backup
access authorization …

10. PRINCIPLE OF GOOD PRACTICE INVENTORY
Good Practice is a collection of methodological principals, actions and procedures intended to ensure that greenhouse gas inventories are accurate in the sense that they are systematically neither over nor underestimates so far as can be judged, and that uncertainties are reduced so far as possible.
Good Practice covers choice of estimation methods appropriate to national circumstances, quality assurance and quality control at the national level, quantification of uncertainties and data archiving and reporting to promote transparency. (Source: IPCC Good Practice Guidance)
It is good practice for the GHG inventory to be
Transparent
Accurate
Consistent
Comparable
Complete
on time

11. INVENTORY DATA MANAGEMENT OF THE AUSTRIAN EMISSION INVENTORY
The core ‘database’ is based on Excel spreadsheets with VBA macros.
The repository also stores
all sector specific calculation sheets prepared by the inventory experts.
all products (reports, tables) needed for UNECE/UNFCCC submissions .
The repository (intranet server) includes
‘database’ and all calculation files (versions) are archived for each inventory (back to 2002) which allows tracing back all calculations.
digital archive where all relevant data used for inventory preparation is stored; such as statistics, emission declarations, studies, relevant information, documents/reports relevant to inventory reviews.
Another element required for a inventory QMS is a system for archiving.

12. DATA SOURCES FOR ACTIVITY DATA
Sector
Data Sources for Activity Data
Emission Calculation
Energy
Energy Balance from Statistik Austria; EU-ETS; Steam boiler database;
Umweltbundesamt, plant operators
Transport
Energy Balance from Statistik Austria
Umweltbundesamt (Aviation), Technical University Graz (Road and Off-road transport)
Industry
National production statistics, import/export statistics; EU-ETS; direct information from industry or associations of industry
Emission factors based on national studies
Solvent
Short term statistics for trade and services Austrian foreign trade statistics Structural business statistics Surveys at companies and associations
Umweltbundesamt, based on studies by: Institut für industrielle Ökologie and Forschungsinstitut für Energie und Umweltplanung, Wirtschaft und Marktanalysen GmbH*

13. DATA SOURCES FOR ACTIVITY DATA
Sector
Data Sources for Activity Data
Emission Calculation
Agriculture
National Studies, national agricultural statistics obtained from Statistik Austria;
Umweltbundesamt, based on studies by:
University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Research Center Seibersdorf
LULUCF
National forest inventory obtained from the Austrian Federal Office and Research Centre for Forest
National agricultural statistics and land use statistics obtained from Statistik Austria
Umweltbundesamt
Waste
Database on landfills run by the Umweltbundesamt ( ), Electronic Data Management operated by the BMLFUW (from 2008 on)

14. SCHEDULE FOR INVENTORY PREPARATION
Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Data collection
NIR / IIR preparation
Archiving
Spreadsheet development
CRF/NFR tables
data base management
log, number all incoming data
check data against previous years
-check tables and numbers
-Second person check
Time series consistency
sector/pollutant expert check
Global check
Explain large changes
Database fuel totals-vs-National statistics
Database-read only
mass balance checks
check database CRF/NFR output
CRF/NFR totals
check for large changes from previous year (recalculation)
database files
spreadsheet files
source data
manuals
report
use IEA data
check units, time series consistency
report inconsistencies back to statistics (NSI)
transform Nace-CRF/NFR
document on QA/QC
methodology-online manual
Ongoing/year-round activities
Peer reviews
review of emission factors

15. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Important component of the Austrian National Inventory System is the quality management system (QMS) according to EN ISO/IEC
Accreditation according to EN ISO/IEC provides evidence of
an efficient quality management system;
technical competence of the involved staff;
independence, impartiality, and integrity of the involved staff.
The requirements of EN ISO/IEC (Type A) are fulfilled. A Type A inspection body provides “third party” services.

16. NATIONAL INVENTORY SYSTEM AUSTRIA
NISA allows to prepare a high-quality emission inventories in which uncertainties are reduced as far as feasible and in which data are developed in a transparent, consistent, complete, comparable and accurate manner.
Umweltbundesamt is the single national entity with overall responsibility for the national inventory
Responsibilities for inventory planning, preparation and management are specified and allocated within the Umweltbundesamt
The internal training plan of the Umweltbundesamt ensures the technical competence of the staff involved.

17. Data to Report – how is it done?
Data is calculated by sector experts following UNFCCC and EMEP/EEA guidelines
Data is used for several reporting requirements
Data needs to be easily available for different reporting requirements

18. Why do we need an air emission database ?
Central data collection, storage and computing assists to adhere to most of the „inventory rules“: transparency, consistency, completeness, comparability.
Provide a link of detailed bottom-up data with reporting format (NFR)
Avoid errors in data computing and data transfer
Efficient data processing

19. Minimum requirements Data management Primary data Data dimensions
Activity (edit, add, delete)
Primary data
Activity rates, emissions, emission factors
Data dimensions
Activity
Activity code (SNAP = technology specific nomenclature)
Technology (optional)
Fuel (optional)
Reporting code (NFR, CRF)
Pollutant
Year
Inventory version
Reporting
Aggregation of activities to NFR/CRF/SNAP categories
NFR tables

20. Work/Data Flow Example of Inventory Preparation Process

21. Inventory Database – Main Functionality
Manage sources
Add, edit, delete
Data import
QA/QC (completeness)
Validation
Data aggregation
Calculate time series reports (tables)
Handling of Notation Keys (e.g. for sources not reported)
Reporting
Excel tables generation (e.g. NFR)
QA/QC
Recalculation-information
Basic outlier checks

22. Inventory Database - Content
Activity data (fuel consumption, process input material)
Emission factors (constant or yearly)
Emissions
Additional background data
Metadata, e.g.:
Units
Pollutants
Nomenclatures: SNAP, IPCC, NFR
Report tables
Point source data
Activity data
Log message table (Administration-info)

23. Austrian System - Setup
Excel spreadsheets (tables) managed by VBA macros
1 set of tables for each inventory
Size
550 area sources (by fuel type)
Time series: 1980 to year-1
6 GHGs + 18 air pollutants
Point sources
External database (Access)
Used for spatial inventory (Gridded data, NUTS 2) only
Used for CLRTAP and UNFCCC
Emissions are disaggregated to 9 federal states in a separate project (Bundesländerinventur)
Gridded data was calculated by consultant

24. Austrian System – Activities (SNAP)

25. Austrian System – Activity Form

26. NFR time series – Example NOX(Gg)

27. Reporting Reports are uploaded via EIONET
CDR Repository is where data is stored by country and reporting obligation

28. CEIP
Centre on Emission Inventories and Projections, hosted by UBA
Collects emissions and projections, reviews inventories, prepares data sets, provides support
Operates UNECE/EMEP emission database, which contains official emissions, emissions used in EMEP models, gridded emissions and large point sources, officially reported activity data
Can also be used for reporting as alternative to EIONET

29. Reports
Data collected and published, depending on the reporting requirements
Publication of the report is announced via press conference
Report is available on the website, a summary containing the most important information is sent out in a press release
The most important graphics are also contained

30. Contact & Information Dr. Maria Purzner Tel. +43/1/31304 5624
Umweltbundesamt
Monitoring, analyzing and reporting on air quality in Turkmenistan Ashgabat ■ 02/12/2014