1. Classification Notes

2. Taxonomy Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms Biologists organize livings things into categories Biologists organize livings things into categories The most closely related organisms are grouped together The most closely related organisms are grouped together

3. Taxonomy (continued) Carolus Linnaeus developed the system in the mid 1700’s. Carolus Linnaeus developed the system in the mid 1700’s. The biggest, most general group in which organisms are placed into is called a kingdom. The biggest, most general group in which organisms are placed into is called a kingdom. The names are in Latin. The names are in Latin.

4. Scientific Naming Every organism has a two-part name Every organism has a two-part name Binomial nomenclature - Genus species Binomial nomenclature - Genus species For the house cat…Felis sylvestric For the house cat…Felis sylvestric For you…Homo sapiens For you…Homo sapiens Scientific names must be either underlined or italicized Scientific names must be either underlined or italicized Capitalize the genus Capitalize the genus

5. So, why use scientific names? People in all parts of the world use the same name for an organism. People in all parts of the world use the same name for an organism. Relationships among organisms are evident in their names. Relationships among organisms are evident in their names. Differences between organisms are obvious from their names. Differences between organisms are obvious from their names.

6. Classification System Kingdoms are divided into phyla (phylum) Kingdoms are divided into phyla (phylum) Phyla are divided into classes Phyla are divided into classes Classes are divided into orders Classes are divided into orders Orders are divided into families Orders are divided into families Families are divided into genus Families are divided into genus Genus is divided into species Genus is divided into species Species CANNOT be divided! Species CANNOT be divided!

7. So how do you remember all that?? Ken Poured Coffee On Frank’s Good S Shirt Kingdom Kingdom Phylum Phylum Class Class Order Order Family Family Genus Genus Species Species

8. As you go from kingdom to species, the groups become more specific. Let’s look at the common house cat for an example. Let’s look at the common house cat for an example.

9. Common House Cat Kingdom Kingdom Phylum Phylum Class Class Order Order Family Family Genus Genus Species Species Animalia Animalia Chordata Chordata Mammalia Mammalia Carnivora Carnivora Felidae Felidae Felis Felis Sylvestric Sylvestric

11. 3 Domains of Living Organisms As recent as the 1990’s scientists recognized that living organisms could be best classified into 3 domains (groups) As recent as the 1990’s scientists recognized that living organisms could be best classified into 3 domains (groups) Domains are the largest, most inclusive groupings Domains are the largest, most inclusive groupings

12. Domains Cont. Domain Bacteria Domain Bacteria Includes Kingdom Eubacteria Includes Kingdom Eubacteria Domain Archaea Domain Archaea Includes Kingdom Archaebacteria Includes Kingdom Archaebacteria Domain Eukarya Domain Eukarya Includes Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia Includes Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

13. There are 6 kingdoms today…

14. The Kingdoms Eubacteria Eubacteria Archaebacteria Archaebacteria Protista Protista Fungi Fungi Plantae Plantae Animalia Animalia