1. If you didn’t turn in your journal last time you need to do so today! Please have the Chapter 14 homework sheet out for me to check for completion.

2. Biological Classification (How do we group things?) Biology

3. Why Classify? VS

4. Taxonomy Definition science of naming or organizing Definition science of naming or organizing Based on evolutionary thought Based on evolutionary thought The more similar two things are, the more closely related they are The more similar two things are, the more closely related they are Allows for comparisons btwn species Allows for comparisons btwn species

5. A. Historical Figures 1.Aristotle Greek philosopher & naturalist Greek philosopher & naturalist Grouped by physical similarity Grouped by physical similarity Names organisms using Latin Names organisms using Latin Only two groups of organisms: Only two groups of organisms: plants & animals Problem: Polynomial names developed Problem: Polynomial names developed

6. 2.Carl Linnaeus Swedish botanist Swedish botanist Wants to create a catalog of Wants to create a catalog of all living organisms New method of naming called New method of naming called binomial nomenclature Genus species - called the scientific name - always italicized or underlined

7. Different Families of Bees

8. Polynomial name Polynomial name Apis pubescens, thorace subgriseo, abdomine fusco, pedibus posticis glabis, untrinque margine ciliatus Apis pubescens, thorace subgriseo, abdomine fusco, pedibus posticis glabis, untrinque margine ciliatus Binomial name Binomial name Apis mellifera Apis mellifera

9. B. Classification System Levels of groupings Levels of groupings Go from Most General (Large grouping) to very specific (small grouping) Go from Most General (Large grouping) to very specific (small grouping)

10. 8 Levels of Biological Grouping Domain (Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya) Domain (Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya) Kingdom (Archaebacteria,Eubacteria, Protista, Kingdom (Archaebacteria,Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia) Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia) Phylum Phylum Class Class Order Order Family Family Genus Genus Species Species

11. An example Eukarya Eukarya Animalia Animalia Chordata Chordata Mammalia Mammalia Carnivora Carnivora Felidae Felidae Felis Felis catus catus

12. C. Tools of grouping Dichotomous keys Dichotomous keys Use physical traits to group/classify organisms Use physical traits to group/classify organisms Make choices between two statements based on obvious characteristics Make choices between two statements based on obvious characteristics Used to correctly identify organisms based on previous ones that have been classified Used to correctly identify organisms based on previous ones that have been classified