2. The coolest Diagnostic Imaging

3. RDMS – registered diagnostic medical sonographer RDCS - Registered Diagnostic Cardiac Sonographer

4. DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY Entrance requirements – minimum – in actuality, marks must be much higher to get accepted. BCIT - 27 months ALBERTA (SAIT/NAIT)- 2 years- 3 years for NAIT English 12(73%) Biology 12(73%0 Physics 11(73%) Principles of Mathematics or Pre-calculus(73%) Mandatory Applicant Questionnaire Multiple Mini Interview Process Submission 2 letters of reference (direct) English Language Arts (75%) Biology 30 (75%) Physics 30 (75%) Math 30-1, Math 30-2 (75%) Completion of Selection Package Group Interview

5. Costs and Outcomes BCIT2550 tuition 100% hire rate $60,450 median starting salary NAIT 3975 tuition 100% hire rate $74,100 median starting salary SAIT 2221 tuition 100% hire rate $75,182 median starting salary

6. Attributes of a Sonographer Ability to Visualize objects in 3 dimensions Accurately differentiate colors and sounds Work independently and in team situations Manage stressful busy work environments Move and transfer patients from wheelchairs to stretchers and washrooms Multitask accurately and efficiently Problem solve in a variety of situations. Intrinsic motivation

7. Attributes of a Sonographer Ability to handle unpleasant situations Ability to stand for long periods of time Good physical health including upper body/shoulder strength Good hand/ wrist dexterity and stamina

8. Ultrasound - How Ultrasound, also called sonography, uses sound waves to develop images of the organs and vessels inside the body. A transducer emits high-frequency sound, That the human ear cannot hear, and then records the echoes of the sound waves as they are bounced back from the tissues to determine the size, shape, and consistency. This information is relayed in real time to produce images on a monitor. Ultrasound technologists, or sonographers, have special training. The technologist reports their findings to a radiologist. The radiologist will interpret the ultrasound images and report the findings. This technology can help diagnose and treat certain conditions.

9. Ultrasound – Benefits of They are generally painless and do not require needles, injections, or incisions, unless for a procedure. Patients aren't exposed to ionizing radiation, making the procedure safer than diagnostic techniques such as X-rays and CT scans. In fact, there are no known harmful effects when used by a trained technologist. Ultrasound captures images of soft tissues that don't show up well on X-rays. Ultrasounds are widely accessible and less expensive than other methods.

10. Diagnostics Ultrasound imaging is used in diagnosing a wide variety of conditions in the body, including the heart and blood vessels, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, bladder, uterus, ovaries, eyes, thyroid, muscles, tendons, joints and testicles, as well as neonatal brains and organs. Ultrasounds do have some diagnostic limitations, however; sound waves do not transmit well through dense bone or parts of the body that may hold air or gas, such as the bowel and lungs.

11. Abdominal and Pelvic Ultrasound Majority of scans https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJcIhyHs9TE

12. Abdominal and Pelvic Ultrasound Female pelvic US

13. Abdominal and Pelvic Ultrasound Male pelvic US

14. Neonatal Brain

15. Thyroid Gland

16. Interventional Ultrasound imaging can help doctors during procedures such as; Needle biopsies, which require the doctor to obtain tissue from a specific area inside an organ for diagnosing cancer and other etiologies. Joint injections, which are the injection of medications right into a functioning joint to ease pain and increase range of motion Interventional procedures, placement of markers for radiation treatment and surgery.

17. Liver Mass Biopsy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAId- Vi8LYs&index=3&list=PLcYh8idW2zU62wnLtKyyLVBVycZh3sTdS

18. Renal Biopsy

19. Pregnancy Early in pregnancy it is used used to determine viability due dates, the presence of twins or other multiples, and rule out ectopic pregnancies. It is a valuable screening tool in helping to detect potential problems, including some birth defects, placental issues, breech positioning, and others. Although many expectant parents look forward to learning the gender of their babies via ultrasound, there are limitations and this information is not always available. Ultrasound is used to estimate how large a baby is, to help avoid complications during delivery.

20. 1 st Trimester Pregnancy Dating US

21. Normal Fetal Heart 4 chambers R and L atria R and L ventricles Separated by valves and septal walls https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KfNZHFKLBOY

22. Hypoplastic Left Heart Small chamber Left ventricle main chamber that pumps blood to remainder of body after birth

23. Atrio-ventricular septal defect Congenital heart abnormality Central hole in heart All chambers communicate abnormally through hole where septa and valves are

24. Anencephaly Absence of skull and superior portion of brain Lethal ??

25. Normal Fetal Head

26. Twins

27. Therapeutic Ultrasounds sometimes are used to detect and treat soft-tissue injuries.

28. Calf Muscle Tear

29. Shoulder – Rotator Cuff Fenestration Calcium removal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HhECM2OmtA

30. Advanced Sonography Doppler is a special type of ultrasound that creates images of the movement of blood cells within vessels (called the Doppler effect). Bone sonography helps doctors diagnose osteoporosis. Echocardiograms are used to view the heart. 3D imaging adds another dimension to the ultrasound image, creating three-dimensional interpretations rather than the flat two-dimensional images that are made with traditional ultrasound. 4D Ultrasound show 3D images in motion..

31. 3D fetal Ultrasound

32. Doppler Ultrasound- 3 types Continuous wave Doppler. This type uses the change in pitch of the sound waves to provide information about the extent of blood vessel damage or disease. Duplex Doppler. Duplex Doppler ultrasound uses both 2d imaging and pulsed wave Doppler. A computer converts the Doppler sounds into a graph that gives information about the speed and direction of blood flow through the blood vessel being evaluated. Color Doppler. Color Doppler uses 2Dimaging to produce a picture of a blood vessel. A computer converts the Doppler sounds into colors that are overlaid on the image of the blood vessel and that represent the speed and direction of blood flow through the vessel. Power Doppler is a special type of color Doppler. Power Doppler can get some images that are hard or impossible to get using standard color Doppler. Power Doppler is most commonly used to evaluate blood flow through vessels within solid organs. Tissue Doppler is another type of Doppler that helps evaluate the minute flow within tissue.

33. Kidney Renal artery and vein https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ackoSlA OZkg

34. Blood Vessels Looking for blood clots or narrowings