1. Dublin, 22/23.03.2016 Link Model Ontology Mathias Kadolsky

2. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 2 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 LM Multi Model Container Domain 2 Domain 1 Domain 1, detailed Domain 2, adapted Link Ontology - Motivation Link Model Views LM Multi Model Container Domain 2 Domain 1 Domain 1, detailed Domain 2, adapted Calculation Cost Proposal For some Tasks not all Links or Linked Information are required

3. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 3 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 LM Multi Model Container Domain 2 Domain 1 Domain 1, detailed Domain 2, adapted Link Model Checking Calculation Multi Model Containers could contain wrong Links ID: asderf4345 (OWL) Steel Column (OWL) ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Formwork Costs(OWL) Link Ontology - Motivation

4. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 4 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 LM Multi Model Container Domain 2 Domain 1 Domain 1, detailed Domain 2, adapted Link Model Error Handling Calculation Multi Model Containers could contain solutions for wrong Links ID: asderf4345 (OWL) Steel Column (OWL) ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Formwork Costs(OWL) ID: asderf4345 (OWL) Steel Column (OWL) ID: kljtu4sdt (OWL) Welding Costs(OWL) ID: jfhdtu490t (OWL) Link Ontology - Motivation

5. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 5 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Model Idea Link Ontology - Approach  Link Concept of Multi Model should remain and only smoothly adapted. Domain Model related Tasks -> Domain Tools Link Model related Tasks -> Link Ontology Framework  Link Type Definition for Views, Checking & Error Handling  Detail Level of Link Type Definition depends on Class Detail Level of the Domain Models to be linked.  Link Types are predefined and definable.  Definable Link Types requires a Agreement Step

6. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 6 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Model Structure Link Ontology - Approach  Link Model ID Process/Task  Domain Models ID Process/Task Format LoD  Domain Model Elements ID Instantiated Class/Type  Links ID Link Type

7. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 7 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Structure Link Ontology - Approach  Each Link is realized as n-ary Link: Advantage is consistency, Drawback is 2 Links always required instead of one Link and one extra Element required  2 kinds of Links: Model Links linking Models, and Element Links linking Instances of Classes. Both can be specified on Type Level.

8. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 8 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Model Link Link Ontology - Approach  Corresponding to the Multi Model Approach on Model Level four Link Types are predefined:  Reduction Link Type  Domain Link Type  Adaption Link Type  Version Link Type Stand t+2 Stand t+1 Stand t

9. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 9 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Element Link Link Ontology - Approach  Corresponding to the Multi Model Approach on Element Level four Link Types are predefined and six additional Sub-Types:  Reduction Link Type  Abstraction Link Type  Selection Link Type  Domain Link Type  Outer Domain Link Type  Inner Domain Link Type  Adaption Link Type  Correction Link Type  Variation Link Type  Version Link Type

10. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 10 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Type Interpretation I Link Ontology - Approach  A Reduction Link, a Domain Link or an Adaption Link could be the result of a new version. So, a Reduction Link Type, Domain Link Type or Adaption Link Type can be sub classes of a Version Link Type. Reduction Link Type Domain Link Type Version Link Type Sub-Class Adaption Link Type

11. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 11 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Type Interpretation II Link Ontology - Approach  Reduction, Domain and Version Link Type are belonging to the Models, the sub types belonging to the Elements.  Reduction Link Type  Abstraction Link Type  Selection Link Type  Domain Link Type  Outer Domain Link Type  Inner Domain Link Type  Adaption Link Type  Correction Link Type  Variation Link Type  Version Link Type LM Cost Model(OWL) ID: s3094sdt (OWL) LM ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Formwork Costs(OWL) Cost Model(OWL) ID: s3094sdt (OWL) BIM Model(OWL) ID: gjhut34 (OWL) ID: fhgbz675 (OWL) Wall (OWL) BIM Model(OWL) ID: gjhut34 (OWL) vv v

12. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 12 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky  The Sub Types of the Reduction Link Type are only defined on Element Level. A Selection Link Type indicates, that one of the linked Elementes contains a Sub Set of the Information of the other Element; an Abstraction Link Type indicates, that the Information of one Element was reduced, cause of an Abstraction Step: LM 27.06.2016 Link Type Interpretation III Link Ontology - Approach Reduction Link Type Sub-Class Selection Link Type Abstraction Link Type ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Formwork Costs(OWL) ID: sd354szt (OWL) Formwork Costs(OWL) Area: 40 (OWL) LM ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Formwork Costs(OWL) ID: sd354szt (OWL) Construction Cost(OWL) Value: 40 (OWL) Value: 60 (OWL) Value: 40 (OWL) Only Class and ID will be stored in the Link Model, but the Person setting the Links knows detailed Information and can select the appropriate Link Type

13. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 13 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky  The Sub Types of the Domain Link Type are only defined on Element Level. An Inner Domain Link Type indicates, that one of the linked Elementes contains Overlapping Information of the other Element; an Outer Domain Link Type indicates, that the Information of one Element is not overlapping with the Information of an other Element: LM 27.06.2016 Link Type Interpretation IV Link Ontology - Approach Domain Link Type Sub-Class Inner Domain Link Type Outer Domain Link Type ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Wall (OWL) ID: sd354szt (OWL) Wall Costs(OWL) Area: 40 (OWL) Height: 2 (OWL) Value: 40 (OWL) Area: 40 (OWL) LM ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Wall (OWL) ID: sd354szt (OWL) Wall Costs(OWL) Height: 2 (OWL) Value: 40 (OWL) Area: 40 (OWL) Only Class and ID will be stored in the Link Model, but the Person setting the Links knows detailed Information and can select the appropriate Link Type

14. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 14 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky  The Sub Types of the Adaption Link Type are only defined on Element Level. An Correction Link Type indicates, that one of the linked Elementes were changed and this changed Element represents not a Variation. If a Variation is meant the corresponding Link Type can be selected. LM 27.06.2016 Link Type Interpretation V Link Ontology - Approach Adaption Link Type Sub-Class Correction Link Type Variation Link Type ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Wall (OWL) ID: sd354szt (OWL) Wall (OWL) Height: 2 Height: 3 LM ID: sdgtu4sdt (OWL) Wall (OWL) ID: sd354szt (OWL) Wall (OWL) Material: Reinforced Concrete Material: Masonry Only Class and ID will be stored in the Link Model, but the Person setting the Links knows detailed Information and can select the appropriate Link Type

15. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 15 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Definition Link Ontology - Application Model Domain Format Class/ Type IDLink ID Type IDClass/ Type Model Domain Format BIM IFC-Step fhzru3495vbnf Domain Link dfrsg5 Costs GAEB XML BIM IFC-Step Wall sdgtu4sdt 36trsd Inner Domain Link sd354szt Wall Costs Costs GAEB XML BIM IFC-Step Steel Column asderf4345 56tlkg Inner Domain Link jfhdtu490t Welding Costs Costs GAEB XML

16. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 16 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky  Idea: Simple presentation of Information, which should fit together. Class information is serialized for easy matching check (could be even done in excel). Complexity like the method for getting the specialication of classes is kept hidden. 27.06.2016 Matching Tables I Link Ontology - Application Model Domain Format Class/ Type Link Type Class/ Type Model Domain Format BIM IFC-Step Wall Inner Domain Link Wall Costs Costs GAEB XML BIM IFC-Step Steel Column Inner Domain Link Welding Costs Costs GAEB XML Classes, which should fit together.

17. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 17 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Matching Tables II Link Ontology - Application Model Domain Format Class/ Type Link Type Class/ Type Model Domain Format BIM IFC-Step Steel Column Inner Domain Link Welding Costs Costs GAEB XML Matching Tables (MT) allows more checks and more not even obvious checks by a more specialized Class/Type specification. If a detailed class specification is not in the origin schema deriving methods could provide such a detailing. So, depending on the underlying Model Schemas different kinds of MTs could be defined: First Order MTs are MTs including no class/type, which could not directly mapped from the origin schema to the MT. Second Order MTs are MTs including at least one class/type, which could not directly mapped from the origin schema to the MT, but requires a deriving method for specializing a given class using one additional information like an attribute (e.g. Material: Steel). Third Order MTs … using two additional information … (e.g. Material: Steel + Structural Properties: Loadbearing -> Loadbearing Steel Column).

18. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 18 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky  Matching Tables are very close connected with Exchange Requirements (ER). So, the classes/types should be included in the ERs and the additional information needed for specialication should be at least inferable. 27.06.2016 Matching Tables III Link Ontology - Application Model Domain Format Class/ Type Link Type Class/ Type Model Domain Format BIM IFC-Step Steel Column Inner Domain Link Welding Costs Costs GAEB XML ElementPropertyDefinitionExamples Column Material … … Height … … Class specialization can be derived by using property information

19. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 19 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Model Views Link Ontology - Application  E.g.: Select all Walls related to Costs Model Domain Format Class/ Type IDLink ID Type IDClass/ Type Model Domain Format BIM IFC-Step Wall sdgtu4sdt 36trsd Inner Domain Link sd354szt Wall Costs Costs GAEB XML BIM IFC-Step Steel Column asderf4345 56tlkg Inner Domain Link jfhdtu490t Welding Costs Costs GAEB XML

20. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 20 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Model Checking Link Ontology - Application Model Domain Format Class/ Type IDLink ID Type IDClass/ Type Model Domain Format BIM IFC-Step Wall sdgtu4sdt 36trsd Inner Domain Link sd354szt Wall Costs Costs GAEB XML BIM IFC-Step Steel Column asderf4345 56tlkg Inner Domain Link sdgtu4sdt Formwork Costs Costs GAEB XML Not specified in Matching Table

21. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 21 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky 27.06.2016 Link Model Error Handling Link Ontology - Application Model Domain Format Class/ Type IDLink ID Type IDClass/ Type Model Domain Format BIM IFC-Step Steel Column asderf4345 56tlkg Inner Domain Link sdgtu4sdt Formwork Costs Costs GAEB XML kljtu4sdt Welding Costs Costs GAEB XML jfhdtu490t Welding Costs Costs GAEB XML Searching for appropriate Elements based on Matching Table

22. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 22 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky  Deriving from Model to Element 27.06.2016 Advanced Link Model Checking Link Ontology - Application LM Domain 1 Domain 1, detailed LM Element Domain 1 Element Domain 1, detailed If one Model is a Reduction of an other Model then at least one Element should exists, which also represents a reduced Element

23. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 23 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky  Deriving from Element to Element 27.06.2016 Advanced Link Model Checking Link Ontology - Application Two Elements of different Domains are linked together via an Inner Link Type. If both of these Elements are linked to two different Elements of a third Domain then it has to be checked if the two Elements of the third domain are in a Selection Relation LM Element Domain 2 Element Domain 1 Element 1 Domain 3 Element 2 Domain 3 LM Element Domain 2 Element Domain 1 Element 1 Domain 3 Element 2 Domain 3

24. Link Model OntologyFolie Nr. 24 von 24 © Mathias Kadolsky  In an Agreement Step new Link Types can be defined  New Link Types are added as Sub Classes  New Checks: It can be distinguished between the domain Link Types: Wall Wall Construction Costs and Wall Wall Material Costs 27.06.2016 Link Type Extension Link Ontology - Application Reduction Link Type Domain Link Type Version Link Type Sub-Class Material Link Type