1. The Spinal Cord

2. “an extension of the brainstem that begins at the foramen magnum and continues down through the vertebral canal to the first lumbar vertebra just below the ribs”

3. Features of the Spinal Cord Conus Medullaris- Cauda Equina (horse tail)- Diameter- Length- Central Canal – Spinal nerves-

5. Spinal cord is composed of both gray and white matter Gray matter- White matter-

6. YouTube - Dissection: Vertebral Column, Spinal Cord/CoveringsYouTube - Dissection: Vertebral Column, Spinal Cord/Coverings

7. The Meninges Dura Mater-Arachnoid-Pia Mater

8. What is CSF ??? Cerebrospinal fluid

9. The Reflex Arc Neural pathway of a reflex What is a reflex ? A reflex may be –Autonomic –Somatic

10. All reflexes have a minimum of 5 elements 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

11. Reflexes...

12. REFLEX ARCS

13. Disorders of the Spinal Cord Meningitis symptoms- bacterial- viral- prevention-

14. Trauma-

15. APGAR Scale This scale is for newborns and is scored at 1 min & 5 min. Heart rate  Absent- 0 points  < 100- 1 point  100- 2 points Respiration effort  Absent- 0 points  Slow, irregular-1 point  Strong cry- 2 points Muscle Tone  Flaccid- 0 points  Some flex- 1 point  Act. motion- 2 points Irritability  No response- 0 points  Some- 1 point  Vigorous- 2 points Color  Blue, pale- 0 points  Body: pink, Extremities: blue- 1 point  Fully pink- 2 points Infants with scores of 7-10 usually require supportive care only. A score of 4-6 indicates moderate depression. Infants with scores of 3 or less require aggressive resuscitation.

16. Lumbar Puncture

18. Electroencephalogram An EEG is...

19. Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctwXQ5xK4PU

20. Positron Emission Tomography PET

21. Ultrasound Imaging