1. The Northern Renaissance Libertyville HS

2. Similarities / Diff. of North, Italian R. Similarities Same religion, until 1517 (Catholicism) Same economic system, based on guilds An artistic center –In Italy, Florence –In North, Flanders / Belgium Differences North had fewer small, rich republics / duchies More centralized states = less innovation and less merchant power North had fewer artists spread over larger area North focused on religious reform North had less focus on Greek, Roman revival

3. The Printing Press Chinese invention that was independently developed in Europe Invented around 1444 –Guild secret –Gutenberg used indiv. reusable letters –New ink to stick to metal 1455: First book off printing press = Bible Chinese invention that was independently developed in Europe Invented around 1444 –Guild secret –Gutenberg used indiv. reusable letters –New ink to stick to metal 1455: First book off printing press = Bible

4. Impact of Printing Press By 1500 = 20 million books printed By 1600 = 140-200 million books printed Cheap books + large supply = more literacy Education became accessible to regular people Scientific Revolution Protestant Reformation

5. Flanders / Belgium Center of Northern Renaissance Dukes of Burgundy –Rich, from wool and banking –Patrons of the arts –Artists flocked to Bruges, Brussels Duchy eventually divided between France and HRE Center of Northern Renaissance Dukes of Burgundy –Rich, from wool and banking –Patrons of the arts –Artists flocked to Bruges, Brussels Duchy eventually divided between France and HRE

6. France End of 100 Years War left Fr. king strong Charles VII brought Ren. ideas from Italy Erasmus (1466-1536) –D–Dutch humanist & Catholic reformer (Disagreed w/ Luther) –“–“Philosophy of Christ”: church departing from selfless love, piety –T–Translated Bible from Greek –I–In Praise of Folly – satire of Church

7. England “Elizabethan Age” = Ren. England Elizabeth I (1558-1603) –The “Virgin Queen” –Great patron of the arts Francis Bacon: scientific method Ben Jonson: Poet, actor, playwright Christopher Marlowe: poet, actor – spy? “Elizabethan Age” = Ren. England Elizabeth I (1558-1603) –The “Virgin Queen” –Great patron of the arts Francis Bacon: scientific method Ben Jonson: Poet, actor, playwright Christopher Marlowe: poet, actor – spy?

8. William Shakespeare Considered greatest writer of English language Wrote 38 plays, 154 sonnets Popular during life: called the “Bard of Avon”