1. 3D Scanning Services .

2. Printing process
Printing is a process for reproducing text and images, typically with ink on paper using a print press.

3. GUTTENBERG’S PRINTING PRESS. INVENTED IN 15TH CENTURY
USED MOULDS MADE OF BRASS

4. Invention of first printing machine
First printing machine was invented by JOHANNES GENSFLEISH in 1803.
This superseded the cost and slow production.

5. Subtractive Manufacturing
Creates a product by removing sections from a block of material.
Generates waste through the excess material that is removed.
Limited design capabilities.

6. Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) Machining
A method of Subtractive Manufacturing that removes sections from a block of material by cutting or drilling the excess material away.

7. Additive Manufacturing
Creates a product through adding materials to the object.
Adds material layer by layer until printing is finished.
Allows for complex and intricate designs.

8. 3D Printing
A method of Additive Manufacturing that adds material to an object layer by layer to create the final product.

9. 3D printing
Imagine a near future in which a device connected to your desktop prints a SOLID OBJECT!!!!!!
We can have tangible goods and intangible services delivered over the INTERNET.

10. Different methods
Selective laser sintering (SLS)
Stereolithography
Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
Laminated object manufacturing

11. SLS method
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing technique that uses a high power laser (for example, a carbon dioxide laser) to fuse small particles of plastic, metal (direct metal laser sintering),ceramic or glass powders into a mass that has a desired 3-dimensional shape

12. STEREOLITHOGRAPHY
Stereolithography is an additive manufacturing process using a vat of liquid UV- curable photopolymer ”resi n” and a UV laser to build parts a layer at a time.

13. STEREOLITHOGRAPHY (contd).
CAD (Computer Assisted Design) Programs help users create STL Files for the 3D Printers to read.
STL (STereoLithography) file format – a file format which uses many little triangles to make a 3 dimensional plot of the objects intended surface.

14. FDM
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technology commonly used for modeling, prototyping, and production applications

15. Laminated object manufacturing
Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) is a rapid prototyping system developed by Helisys Inc. In it, layers of adhesive-coated paper, plastic or metal laminates are successively glued together and cut to shape with a knife or laser cutter.

16. Dimension 3D printer
Equipment types

17. Specification of uPrint
Build Envelope
Size & Weight
Layer Thickness
Modeling Material
Support Material
Price
203 x 152 x 152 mm(8 x 6 x 6 in)
635 x 660 x 787 mm(25 x 26 x 31 in)76 kg (168 lbs)(with one material bay)
.254 mm
(.010 in)
ABSplus in ivory only.
Soluble only
$14,900 (€11.900)

18. What is ABSplus?
ABSplus is a production-grade thermoplastic that gives models the ability to perform just like production parts in real-world functional testing.

19. Technique

21. The PRINTING CYCLE Preparation :
Once you click “3D print “ from Z-print , the printer initiates the pre build routine.
First it warms the air inside the printer and creates optimum operating environment.
At the same time , it fills the ‘Build Chamber’ with 1/8th inch layer powder ( so that finished parts rest on it).

22. The PRINTING CYCLE b) Printing :
Once the pre-build is complete , the printer begins printing the layers created in the Z-print software.
The machine deposits 0.1mm thick layer of powder from the ‘Hopper”.
The ‘Print Carriage’ then moves across this layer depositing the binder.

23. The PRINTING CYCLE
The binder solidifies the powder in that cross section of the model.
The piston below the ’Build Carriage ’ lowers the powdered bed by 0.1mm , preparing the next layer.
The process repeats until the model is complete

24. The PRINTING CYCLE c) Depowdering/Recycling :
When finished the model, it is suspended in the powder to cure.
At the end of curing time , the machine then automatically removes most of the powder around the model by vaccum pressure.
The loose powder is pneumatically conveyed through the system for reuse.

25. 3D Printing : The Chemical Process
A platform which serves as the base of the object is submerged into a vat of polymers.
UV light cures and hardens these polymers with each pass over the object.
Once a pass is finished, the platform lowers slightly into the vat, allowing more uncured polymers to cover the object.

26. Applications of 3D Printing
Prototyping
Modeling
Custom parts
Design
Research

27. 3D Printing and Sustainability
3D printing with non harmful chemicals.
3D printing generates almost no waste during manufacturing, and does not require lubricants.
3D Printing can be used to create replacement parts.

28. SUCCESS stories
3D printed Jaw

29. Challenges Facing 3D Printing
Intellectual property rights of the 3D Printer users.
Nearly anything can be printed by 3D Printers and this is a troubling prospect if criminals use 3D Printers to create illegal products.

30. In Conclusion
3D printing is an expanding technology which may soon start an industry in which everyone has the possibility of being a manufacturer.
3D printing has a lot of possible benefits to society, although the products created must be regulated.

31. References