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Week 3: Protocols Protocols. Protocols Protocol Design Packet Length Conveyance Acknowledgement Methodology Error Checking / Correcting Compression Encryption.

Published byJewel Peters Modified over 8 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "Week 3: Protocols Protocols. Protocols Protocol Design Packet Length Conveyance Acknowledgement Methodology Error Checking / Correcting Compression Encryption."— Presentation transcript:

1 Week 3: Protocols Protocols

2 Protocols Protocol Design Packet Length Conveyance Acknowledgement Methodology Error Checking / Correcting Compression Encryption Packet Control

3 Protocols Packet Structure Layout Header = Protocol Manifest Payload = BLOB (binary large object) Optional: Footer= Stop Bit, Magic # (uncommon in app layer) Serialization In Game = Struct, Class, … On Network= Byte array (bits in link layer)

4 Protocols Serialization Gottcha’s Pointers Large Arrays Variable size Arrays ADT’s Integer Alignment Endianess (HtoN, NtoH) Processor dependant intrinsic type size (int, long) Unsupported types (unsigned -> signed long) Strings Unicode vs. ASCII NULL terminated, Pascal, or ADT

5 Protocols Request for Comments RFC web site http://www.rfc-editor.org/ Protocol Specifications Definitive Resource Public Criticism Future Protocols

6 Week 3: Protocols Protocol Stack

7 Protocol Stack Open System Interconnect

8 Protocol Stack Physical Layer Bandwidth Width of data pipe Measured in bps = bits per second Latency Travel time from point A to B Measured in Milliseconds The Medium Fiber, FireWire, IrD, CDMA & other cell Serial USB 1&2 ISD N DSL Cable Down/up LAN 10/100 1G/10G BaseT Wireless 802.11 a/b/g/n Mobile 3G/4G Power Line FiberT1 Speed (bps) 20K 12M 480M 128k 1.5M down 896K up 400M / 20M Residential 20M / 1M 10M 100M 1-10G b=11M a, g=54M N=600M 14/6 M 100/50 M 14M10G1.5M Table 1: Max Bandwidth Specifications

9 Protocol Stack SI units 1 kbit = 1,000 bitsDecimal 1 kiB = 1,024 bitsBinary 1 kB = ???Bin or Dec

10 Protocol Stack Data Link Layer Serializes data to/from physical layer Network Interface Card Ethernet MAC Address

11 Protocol Stack Network Layer Packet Routing Hops Routers, Hubs, Switches Internet Protocol (IP) Contains Source & Destination IP Address IPv4 Widespread Infrastructure IPv6 Larger IP address

12 Protocol Stack Network Layer: IP Address Unicast Static DHCP Multicast Requires multicast capable router Broadcast Local Directed Loop Back Send to self AddrAny 0 = address before receiving an address

13 Protocol Stack Network Layer: DNS Domain Name Service Converts text name to IP address Must contact one or more DNS servers to resolve Local cache resolution possible Game Tips Store local game cache to use when DNS out of order. DNS resolution often slow, use cache for same day resolution.

14 Protocol Stack Transport Layer Manage data deliver between endpoints Error recovery Data flow TCP and UDP used with IP Contains Source and Destination Port Port + IP = Net Address Port Range = 0-64k Well known Ports 0-1k

15 Protocol Stack Transport Layer: TCP Guaranteed Correct In Order Delivery Acknowledgement system Ack, Nack, Resend Checksum Out of Band Connection Required Packet Window Packet Coalescence Keep Alive Streamed Data User must serialize data Header http://www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/tcp.htm

16 Protocol Stack Transport Layer: UDP Non Guaranteed Delivery No Acknowledgement system May arrive out of order Checksum Not Connected Source not verified Hop Count Limit = TTL (time to live) Required for Broadcasting Datagram Sent in packets exactly as user sends them Header http://www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/udp.htm

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