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Published byJoshua Webster Modified over 8 years ago
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Romanticism: 1. The troubled individual 2. The lone hero 3. The sublime = wild nature 4. Creepy and bizarre things 5. Revolution and rebellion 6. Old things - the medieval and gothic 7. The haunted, the unconscious, the insane
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Along with sublime comes taste for fantastic, the occult, and the macabre
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Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin, Palace of Westminster (The Houses of Parliament), 1840- 1870, limestone, masonry, and glass, London Competition held in 1835 for a new Houses of Parliament after the old one burned down Enormous structure -> 1100 rooms, 100 staircases Modern office building cloaked in medieval clothes Profusion of Gothic ornament; Big Ben is the clock tower = a type of village clock for all of England Example of “Gothic Revival” or “neo-Gothic” architecture
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Situated between the House of Commons and the House of Lords Meant to be a space where constituents can meet their member of Parliament Central octagonal space with statues of the Kings and Queens of England and Scotalnd Four large mosaics over each doorway represent the four patron saints of the four parts of the UK
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When the old Houses of Parliament burned to the ground -> the foundations of this hall is all that remained of the medieval parliament building This was restored and incorporated into the new design Tradition and continuity
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Francisco de Goya, And There’s Nothing to Be Done (Y no hai remedio), from the Disasters of War, 1810-1823 One of eighty-two etchings that indict and protest the occupation of Spain by Napoleon Bonaparte -> and the subsequent Spanish rulers War as disaster -> depicts Spanish civilians massacred by French troops The violence and inhumanity of war -> political art/anti-war art
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JEAN-AUGUSTE-DOMINIQUE INGRES, Grande Odalisque, 1814. Oil on canvas Ingres -> neoclassical painter but influenced by both Mannerism and Romanticism languid pose, her proportions (small head & elongated limbs and generally cool color scheme reveal debt to Mannerists Turkish elements -> incense burner, peacock fan, turban, hash pipe -> exotic/foreign = romantic Cf. – Titian’s Venus of Urbino
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ROMANTICISM: revolution and liberty
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EUGÈNE DELACROIX, Liberty Leading the People, 1830. Oil on canvas, approx. 8’ 6” x 10’ 8”. Louvre, Paris July Revolution of 1830; Liberty with French tricolor -> Notre Dame in the background Current event/history painting + allegorical and symbolic figures Red, white, and blue echo throughout the painting strong pyramidical structure child = students, middle class = man in top hat, lower class = guy w/sword
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ROMANTICSM: wild nature, current events, anti-slavery
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JOSEPH MALLORD WILLIAM TURNER, The Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On), 1840. Oil on canvas, One of the finest landscape artists was J.M.W. Turner, whose work was exhibited when he was still a teenager. His entire life was devoted to his art. Instead of merely recording factually what he saw, Turner translated scenes into a light-filled expression of his own romantic feelings Subject is a captain of a slave ship who ordered the sick and dying slaves to be thrown overboard in order to collect insurance money on them Slave ship moves into the distance -> in its wake a turbulent sea choked with the bodies of slaves sinking to their deaths Emotive power of pure color -> haziness of the painter’s forms and indistinctness of his compositions intensify the colors and energetic brush strokes
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ROMANTICISM: the Hudson River School/American landscape painting
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THOMAS COLE, The Oxbow (View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm), 1836 In America, landscape painting was most prominently pursued by a group of artists known as the Hudson River School, so named because they originally drew their subjects primarily from the uncultivated regions of the Hudson River Valley AMERICAN ROMANTIC LANDSCAPE PAINTING Division of the landscape into two clearly contrasting areas -> Romantic on the left and Claude Lorraine-like on the right Man’s touch on the right -> cultivated lands
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