1. Topic 2: Human Reproductive System

2. Objectives… Students will be able to: Identify and explain the structure and function of the male and female reproductive systems. Explain how hormones are involved in sexual reproduction.

3. Reproduction Reproduction is the production of offspring An individual can lead a healthy life without reproducing. However, the reproductive system is the single most important body system for the continuation of a species.

4. The human reproductive system produces, stores and releases specialized sex cells = gametes The fusion of sperm and egg = zygote (diploid cell) Zygote develops into the many cells of the human body

5. What do hormones have to do with it? Hormones are responsible for sex determination, development of gonads, production of sperm and egg, and regulation of secondary sex characteristics Early development Puberty Period at which sexual maturity is reached Gametes are now produced Development of sex characteristics

6. Hormones Testosterone Produced by the testes. Required for sperm production and development of male sex characteristics. (sperm production, facial & body hair, deepening of voice

7. Estrogen Produced by the ovaries. Required for development of eggs and female sex characteristics. (hip widening, breasts) Progesterone Produced by ovaries. Maintains uterine lining Suppresses ovulation during pregnancy

8. The Male Reproductive System Vocabulary Testes Scrotum Epididymus Semen Seminal vesicles Prostate Vas deferens Urethra Penis

9. Male Reproductive System

10. Structure and Function Testes (testicles) Gonads that secretes testosterone and produces sperm Regulates male secondary sex characteristics Scrotum Pouch containing the testes at a temperature ideal for sperm production

11. Epididymis where sperm fully mature and are stored. Semen Fluid that contains sperm, nourishment and other fluids Seminal vesicle gland that secretes a fluid component to semen that nourish sperm

12. Prostate Gland Secretes a fluid component to semen that enhances sperm motility and fertility Vas deferens Ducts that lead sperm away from epididymus to urethra

13. Urethra Tube that leads sperm out of the body through the penis Penis permits internal fertilization through direct implantation of sperm into the female reproductive tract

14. Female Reproductive System Vocabulary Ovaries Fallopian Tubes Uterus Vagina Cervix

15. Female Reproductive System

17. Structure and Function Ovaries Female gonads that secrete estrogen/progesterone Produce eggs Fallopian Tubes / Oviduct tube/channel for moving mature ova from ovary to uterus Site of fertilization

18. Uterus Organ where embryo attaches to female and develops Cervix Opening of uterus Vagina Canal that leads from the uterus to the outside of the body