1. About Pugwash Conferences Goal: to bring together scholars and public figures from around the world concerned about armed conflicts seeking cooperative solutions. Meeting as private individuals; not representatives of governments or institutions. Participants include science/arms-control advisers, academics, office-holders. Inspired by Einstein, Russell manifesto (1955) calling for an assembly for dialogue on threat of nuclear weapons. First meeting held in 1957 held in Pugwash, Nova Scotia. Winners of 1995 Nobel Peace Prize.

2. Agenda 1. Disarmament as humanitarian Law 2. Enforcement in nuclear weapon free world 3. New Start Treaty 4. European nuclear force 5. HEU and Pu Elimination programs 6. South Asia 7. North Korea 8. Nuclear Renaissance 8. Current Events

3. January 26, 2011: Russia’s upper house of parliament unanimously approved New Start Treaty