1. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Coevolution Sometimes organisms that are closely connected to one another by ecological interactions evolve together. The process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other over time is called coevolution.

2. Today you will be modeling/ simulating coevolution between a flowering plant & a pollinator (animal). But first let introduce some important concepts about flowering plants. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

3. Coevolution example Pollination – pollen (plant sperm) is transferred from male part of the plant to the female part of the plant. The allows for fertilization (fusion of sperm & egg) to occur. Pollination is necessary for plant reproduction Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

4. Video Example of Coevolution Hoverfly pollinator Wasp & Flower Dead Horse Harem Agouti and beetle nut Salamander & Garder Snake Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

5. Today you will be modeling/ simulating coevolution between a flowering plant & a pollinator (animal). But first let introduce some important concepts about flowering plants. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6. Coevolution example Pollination – pollen (plant sperm) is transferred from male part of the plant to the female part of the plant. The allows for fertilization (fusion of sperm & egg) to occur. Pollination is necessary for plant reproduction Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

8. Pollination Pollen grains contain the male gametes of the plant They are picked up by a pollinator and transferred to another flower Plants tend to specialise in pollinators This ensures the pollen is delivered to same species of plant Yellow archangel Lamiastrum galobdolon being pollinated by a bumble bee Bombus hortorum © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWSODWS

9. Small skipper Thymelicus flavus on marsh thistle Cirsium palustris © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWSODWS Pollinations via an animal pollinator

10. The honey bee Apis melifera on marsh thistle Cirsium palustris © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWSODWS

11. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

14. Many plants could not survive without there pollinators. Thus there is a natural selective pressure to get attract pollinators. So as the pollinator changes the plant must change and vice versa….this is an example of coevolution Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

15. Video Example of Coevolution Hoverfly pollinator Wasp & Flower Dead Horse Harem Titum arum Agouti and beetle nut Salamander & Garder Snake Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

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