1. CELLULAR RESPIRATION Chapter 5 Section 3

2. Cellular Respiration  Occurs in all organisms when Oxygen is available.  Converts Food Energy  ATP  Two types of Cellular Respiration  Aerobic = with O 2  Anaerobic = without O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + ATP

3. Stages of Cellular Respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. Transition Step 3. Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) 4. Electron Transport Chain

4. 1. Glycolysis: biochemical pathway that occurs in Cytoplasm 2 ATP 2 ADP + P 4 ATP 4 ADP + 4 P 2 NAD + 2 NADH

5. 2. Transition Step: biochemical pathway in Mitochondria  Both Pyruvates are converted to Acetyl-CoA  CO 2 and NADH are released

6. 3. Krebs Cycle

7. 3. Krebs Cycle: outer membrane of Mitochondria 2ATP 2ADP + 2P

8. 4. Electron Transport Chain: Inner membrane of Mitochondria Proton Pumps ATP Synthetase

9. 4. Electron Transport Chain: Inner membrane of Mitochondria Proton Pumps ATP Synthetase ATP ADP + P

10. 4. Electron Transport Chain: Inner membrane of Mitochondria

11.  NADH & FADH 2 drop off high energy e - /H  high energy e - /H power proton pumps in mitochondria  Creates concentration gradient  ATP  “used up” e - /H combines with O 2  H 2 O

12. Anaerobic Respiration: Fermentation  Occurs when your cells are burning sugar faster than you can bring in the O 2.  2 types of fermentation  Lactic Acid (animals)  Alcoholic (fungus/yeasts)

13. Fermentation and the Electron Transport Chain:

14. Fermentation and the Krebs Cycle 2ATP 2ADP + 2P

15. Fermentation and the Transition Step  Both Pyruvates are converted to Acetyl-CoA  CO 2 and NADH are released

16. Why do we need Fermentation?  If your cells can’t recycle the NAD + then…  ETC shuts down  Krebs Cycle Shuts down  Stuck with pyruvate = death

17. Then what happens next?  Fermentation recycles NADH  NAD +  Converts pyruvate to a new product (lactic acid) and allows NAD + to keep Glycolysis going = We Stay ALIVE!!!

18. Anaerobic Respiration: Lactic Acid Fermentation ATP ADP NAD + NADH

19. Anaerobic Respiration: Alcoholic Fermentation ATP ADP NAD + NADH

20. Cellular Respiration Overview Anaerobic (without O 2 ) Aerobic (with O 2 ) 2 ATP 34 ATP