1. What is a political party ? A political party is an organization made up of citizens who have similar ideas on public issues. We all agree on a lot of things! SOL 5a No copying needed

2. CE 5 A and B Functions, Similarities and Differences of Political Parties

3. What roles do political parties play in the American political process? Functions of a political party: Recruiting and nominating candidates Educating the electorate (people) about campaign issues Helping candidates win elections Monitoring actions of office holders

4. Current political parties, or “platforms”, in America include:political parties 1. Democratic Party – traditionally focus on domestic issues (welfare, health care, etc.) and will raise taxes as necessary to fund these programs. Presidential examples: Roosevelt, Kennedy, Clinton, Obama

5. 2. Republican Party – traditionally focus on foreign and business affairs (military, stimulating economy, etc.) work to lower taxes, especially for wealthy ****Presidential examples: Eisenhower, Nixon, Reagan, Bush

6. 3. Third Parties (often Independent) – introduce new ideas or press for a particular issue (environment, freedoms for specific groups, special interests, etc.) often select a political personality (ex. Bull Moose Party of Teddy Roosevelt Examples – Green Party, Libertarian Party, American Reform Party, Communist Party

7. The Political Spectrum Liberal Conservative Moderate Terry McAuliffe Mitt Romney Ken Cuccinelli Barack Obama

8. So, What’s The Difference? Democrat Believes in using government to fix the problems of society Beliefs naturally lead to large bureaucratic government Republican Believes in small government “Hands off” when it comes to business Little government interference in society and the economy

9. We compete with each other, but in many ways we’re the same. Democrats and Republicans No copying needed

10. C. Similarities between parties Organize to win elections Influence public policies Reflect both liberal and conservative views Define themselves in a way that wins support of the majority by appealing to the political center, or greatest number of people!!!!

13. Interesting Tid-Bits Donkey for Democrats – VideoVideo Elephant for Republicans – VideoVideo

16. Plank A stated principle or objective on the political platform of a party campaigning for election

17. Registrar a person who keeps a record; an official recorder

18. Finance Reform New rules to limit the amount of money in a campaign

19. Op-Ed a one-sided view written by an author published in the newspaper

20. Electorate the body of persons entitled to vote in an election

21. Slate of Electors The number of votes each state gets in a Presidential election

22. Electoral College a body of electors chosen by the voters in each state to elect the president and vice president of the U.S.

23. Winner-take-all system The candidate with the most votes gets all the votes for that state.

24. Political Center Where most of the people voting in an election are located.

25. Congressional Representation The amount of Representatives and Senators a state contains.

26. Officeholders a person filling a governmental position; public official.

27. CE C and D PAGE C Write down words in YELLOW Media, Campaigns and Rising Costs of Elections

28. How do campaigns influence voting process? Candidates run campaigns to increase their visibility to the public and influence more electorates to vote for them. Running for political office has become expensive. This has changed how candidates campaign.

30. Campaigns can include: A.Holding events and speeches for specific groups and voters B.Making public appearances with photo opportunities C.Going door-to-door meeting and talking to the voters D.Creating signs, bumper stickers, etc. to advertise the candidate E.Using the media to place ads for yourself or against your opponent. F.Getting endorsements from celebrities and special interest groups

31. Candidates needing to have fund- raising activities Limiting opportunities for people to run for public office Gives an advantage to wealthy people who run for offic e Problems of Campaign Costs Include:

32. Encourages development of Political Action Committees (PACs) who raise money for candidates Gives extra influence to special interest groups who can use their money to support a candidate willing to support their issue Problems of Campaign Costs Include:

33. What could be a caption for this?

34. To try and limit these problems, campaign finance reforms have been created. – These limit the amount of money candidates can accept from groups or individuals.

35. What role does the media have in the American voting process? Copy down YELLOW words PAGE D

36. The media plays an important role in the political process by:media 1.Helping citizens make informed choices in elections 2. Giving candidates and special interest groups a forum to advertise for themselves or against other candidates and inform the public about their view on issues

37. The Media Fills their role by: Identifying candidates Emphasizing selected issues Writing editorials and opinion pieces Creating political cartoons Broadcasting different points of view

39. How citizens can evaluate campaign information for truth and accuracy Separate fact from opinion. Detect bias – a one-sided, possibly unfair, opinion on an issue.

40. Evaluate sources – who is the message about a candidate coming from? their opponent? An impartial group? A celebrity? Identify propaganda - information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, movement, institution, nation, etc.

41. Name-Calling Using negative words to associate a product.

42. Glittering generalities Words of praise for a product or person; using nice words like goodness or patriotism.

43. Plain-folks Appealing to regular people's values like family, patriotism

44. CE E and F Voter Registration Voter Participation and the Electoral College Copy down GREEN words PAGE E

45. It is your responsibility !!! A. Voting is a basic responsibility of citizenship. In order to participate in our democracy, citizens must vote on issues and who should represent them in our government. B.Every vote is important.

46. It is your responsibility!!! C.Not all citizens vote, this is a major concern in protecting the principle of consent of the governed. Citizens fail to vote because: 1.Lack of interest 2.Failure to register

47. D. Factors in predicting which citizens will vote are: – 1.Education – more educated people vote because they tend to follow elections and research the candidates. – 2.Age – younger people do not vote as much as older people. – 3.Income – wealthier people vote more than impoverished people. It is your responsibility!!!

48. E.The percentage of voters who participate in presidential elections is usually greater than the percentage of voters who participate in state or local elections. F.Citizens must first register with their state in order to participate in primary, general and special elections WHY

49. Who can vote and how do they register? Copy down the ORANGE words PAGE F

50. Who Can Vote and How to Register A. Qualifications to register and vote in Virginia : 1. You must be a citizen of the United States. 2. You must be a resident of Virginia. 3. You must be 18 years old by the day of the general election. 1.You cannot be registered to vote in another state at the same time 2.You cannot be declared mentally incompetent 3.If convicted of a felony you must have the right to vote restored by the court system

51. Who Can Vote and How to Register B.How to register in Virginia: 1.In person at the registrar’s office, the DMV or other designated sites (libraries, military recruitment offices.) 2. Online 3.By mail application 4. Registration is closed 29 22 days before the election. Must be registered before closing.

52. 1. Participate in campaigns. 2. Influence other young voters/parents. 3. Participate in online /school polls. How do people 18 and under participate in the democratic process.?

53. What would happen if most people didn’t vote? Would the elected official be accepted? Would we still have Consent of the Governed? Would we still be a democracy? Would people like the new leader?

54. What is the voting process? Write any BLACK words Page G

55. The steps to the voting process 1- Register to vote. Registration is closed 22 days before elections 2-Be informed about upcoming elections. Research candidates and issues, know when the next Election Day is. 3-On Election Day, go to your assigned polling location (normally a school) and check in with your ID and registration card.

56. The steps to the voting process 4-Vote in a booth! You will be given a ballot to fill out your choices. Absentee BallotsAbsentee Ballots: Approved excuses like military leave or being out of town on business or education allow you to vote using an absentee ballot, which you can complete at least seven days before an election. 5-The popular vote is counted and the candidate with the majority vote wins!!

57. Electoral College Introduction 6. The Presidential election process has an added step a. The electoral college. In this process a state is assigned a number of electors who use the state’s popular vote to base their own vote on. b. The state’s number of electors is based on the state’s Congressional representation. Total votes in Electoral College: 538 (# of Representatives + # of Senators (2) = # of electorates)

58. Electoral College c. Even though the popular vote of all people may give a large percentage to another candidate, the winner by majority gets all electoral votes from a state in a winner-take-all system : The winning candidate of the popular vote for the state gets ALL electoral votes issued to the state. i.e. VA has 13 electoral votes so all 13 votes would go to the majority winner.

59. d. Because of the way the electoral college is run, candidates focus on larger states instead of smaller states where campaigning might make the difference in tight elections. It is possible for a candidate to lose with more popular votes! A candidate needs 270 of 538 electoral votes to winIt is possible for a candidate to lose with more popular votes

60. 2. The number of electors for each state is based on the state’s Congressional representation. # of Senators + # of Representatives # of Electors

61. Most states (including Virginia) have a winner take all system. “So, even if one candidate gets 49% of the vote, the winner still gets 100% of the electors?” 51% of the vote = 100% of the electors 51%49% 100%

62. Legit or Bogus? It is possible for a candidate with more popular votes to lose a presidential election! A candidate needs 270 or more of 538 electoral votes to win! A candidate needs 270 or more of 538 electoral votes to win!

63. What could be a problem? How could the electoral system be an issue

64. Election 2000 4 Min state recap 2 min CNN Bush..wait too close 2 mins CBS morning after