1. Unit 2 Day 13: The Urban Experience

2. Questions of the Day  How did 19 th Century industrialization lead to urbanization in the United States?  What were economic, physical, and social hardships of being an immigrant in the 19 th Century?  Why did various national, cultural, and ethnic groups decide to immigrate to the United States in the 19 th Century?  To what extent did the immigration of various Eastern Europeans influence the industrial, urban, and cultural development of particular cities and regions at the turn of the 20 th Century?  How were new immigrants processed at ports of entry and how were their lives impacted by that process?  How did Nativism impact various groups of immigrants and the cultural development of the United States?  How did immigrants benefit from the services of individuals and public institutions during the late 19 th and early 20 th Centuries?

3. How the Other Half Lives  Jacob Riis  Photographer, muckraker  Wrote/photographed for HTOHL to expose the urban experience to the rest of America  Go to my website and read/answer questions under “How the Other Half Lives” activity

12. “The New Colossus”  Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. "Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"  Source: Emma Lazarus, The Poems of Emma Lazarus, vol.1 (1889)

13. Nativism  an irrational prejudice against immigrants  Political opinion favoring native born citizens over newcomers or immigrants  1882, Chester Arthur signed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which outlawed Chinese laborers from immigrating to America  Started a regulation trend that lasted until 1920’s  All legislation based on discrimination against Chinese immigrants

14. Ellis Island and Angel Island  Field Trip!Field Trip!  Opening in 1892 as an immigration station, 112 million immigrants passed through Ellis Island. Immigrants had to pass inspection (medical and legal) before they were allowed to enter.  West Coast immigrants were processed in San Francisco at Angel Island. Many Chinese immigrants were detained in prison-like conditions while awaiting a ruling. Poverty and discrimination awaited many newcomers.

15. Americanization  occurred in many places. Newcomers were taught American ways to help them assimilate. They learned English literacy skills and American history and government.

16. Hull House and Settlement Houses  Jane Addams founded Hull House  one of the first settlement houses in the U.S.  the movement spread quickly  gave women the opportunity to lead, organize, and work for others.

17. America, The Story of Us--Cities  Fill out the viewing guide as you watch the clip