1. Sonnets Forms and Interpretations

2. General Sonnets: -Always 14 lines -Has a fixed rhyme scheme -Two main Forms of Sonnets: -Elizabethan ABAB CDCD EFEF GG -Petrarchan ABBAABBA CDCDCD Most Structured form of Poetry, as well as the most creative.

3. “The New Colossus” (w. 1883 p. 1907) Emma Lazarus (1849-1887) Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. “Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”

4. “The New Colossus” Emma Lazarus Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, A With conquering limbs astride from land to land; B Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand B A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame A Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name A Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand B Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command B The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. A “Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she C With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor, D Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, C The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. D Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, C I lift my lamp beside the golden door!” D

5. “My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun” (Sonnet 130) William Shakespeare (ca. 1564-1616) My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips’ red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damasked, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress when she walks treads on the ground. And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare.

6. “My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun” (Sonnet 130) William Shakespeare My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; A Coral is far more red than her lips’ red; B If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; A If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. B I have seen roses damasked, red and white, C But no such roses see I in her cheeks; D And in some perfumes is there more delight C Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. D I love to hear her speak, yet well I know E That music hath a far more pleasing sound; F I grant I never saw a goddess go; E My mistress when she walks treads on the ground. F And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare G As any she belied with false compare. G

7. Exit Card: Choose one of the two sonnets we have looked at today and write a 3-5 sentence interpretation. HW: Read the first two poems again, as well as your notes. Think about how Elizabethan and Petrarchan Sonnets differ.

8. Elizabethan Sonnet

9. Elizabethan Form -Separated into 3 Quatrains and one Couplet /ABAB/ -One Quatrain AABABA/CDCD/EFEF/GG –Standard Sonnet -Read in “Iambic Pentameter” or Common Speech REMEMBER: Elizabethan Sonnets ALWAYS ends in a Couplet.

10. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? (Sonnet 18) William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st; Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st; So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

11. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? (Sonnet 18) William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? A Thou art more lovely and more temperate: B Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, A And summer's lease hath all too short a date: B Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, C And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; D And every fair from fair sometime declines, C By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd; D But thy eternal summer shall not fade E Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st; F Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, E When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st; F So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, G So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. G

12. “Anthem For Doomed Youth” Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) Anthem for Doomed Youth What passing-bells for these who die as cattle? — Only the monstrous anger of the guns. Only the stuttering rifles' rapid rattle Can patter out their hasty orisons. No mockeries now for them; no prayers nor bells; Nor any voice of mourning save the choirs,— The shrill, demented choirs of wailing shells; And bugles calling for them from sad shires. What candles may be held to speed them all? Not in the hands of boys, but in their eyes Shall shine the holy glimmers of goodbyes. The pallor of girls' brows shall be their pall; Their flowers the tenderness of patient minds, And each slow dusk a drawing-down of blinds.

13. Exit Ticket: Answer one of the Question in 3-5 sentences: -Considering Owen’s “Anthem For Doomed Youth” would you consider the poem as a “World War I Poem” or an “All-War Poem”? - Are the Sonnets both about Love? Explain. HW: Take “Anthem for Doomed Youth” and separate the poem to show the three quatrains and couplet, and rhyme scheme. Write 1-2 sentences on the poem’s format.

14. Petrarchan Sonnets

15. Petrarchan Facts -Known as the “Italian Sonnet” named after Petrarch (1304-1374) an Italian scholar -Sonnet is split in two: The Octave and the Sestet Octave-First 8 lines Sestet-last 6 lines Structured Form, with a flexible Sestet Written in Iambic Pentameter

16. Petrarchan Form Octave-8 lines (Sets up “theme/problem”) Standard Octave: /ABBAABBA/ Sestet-6 lines (Gives “solution”) -Flexible rhyming scheme Standard /CDCDCD/ or /CDECDE/ Beginning of Sestet is called the “Viola” -signals a switch or turn in the poem

17. “The New Colossus” Emma Lazarus Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. “Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”

18. “The New Colossus” Emma Lazarus Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, A With conquering limbs astride from land to land; B Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand B A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame A Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name A Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand B Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command B The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. A “Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she C With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor, D Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, C The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. D Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, C I lift my lamp beside the golden door!” D

19. “How do I love thee?” (Number 43) Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-1861) How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of being and ideal grace. I love thee to the level of every day’s Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. I love thee freely, as men strive for right; I love thee purely, as they turn from praise. I love thee with the passion put to use In my old griefs, and with my childhood’s faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints. I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death.

20. Exit Ticket: Choose one of the two poems discussed today and write a 3-5 sentences interpretation. HW: Break up Browning’s poem To show the Octave and Sestet, underline the Viola of the poem and write 1-2 sentences about the Poem’s Format

21. Interpretation Focus

22. Tips on How to Interpret Sonnets Read the poem slowly and highlight/underline important phrases Break down the sonnet, pointing out the rhyme scheme and type of poem. Elizabethan-focus on quatrain to quatrain to couplet Petrarchan-focus on octave to sestet and viola Figure out what the poem is SAYING.

23. “Glory of Women” Siegfried Sassoon (1886-1967) You love us when we're heroes, home on leave, Or wounded in a mentionable place. You worship decorations; you believe That chivalry redeems the war's disgrace. You make us shells. You listen with delight, By tales of dirt and danger fondly thrilled. You crown our distant ardours while we fight, And mourn our laurelled memories when we're killed. You can't believe that British troops “retire” When hell's last horror breaks them, and they run, Trampling the terrible corpses—blind with blood. O German mother dreaming by the fire, While you are knitting socks to send your son His face is trodden deeper in the mud.

24. Exit Ticket: For the last 10 minutes of class, choose one of the six sonnets we have went over and start writing down ideas of your interpretation that will be typed. HW: One page typed interpretation of any of the six sonnets gone over in class. Focus on both form and content of sonnet, using terms we’ve learned in class. Due Next Monday.