2. What is a thinking skill? A thinking skill is:  A mental process learned through practice.  How we apply intelligence to solve a problem.  Our capacity to make judgments.

3. Higher Order Thinking Skills  Comparing and contrasting  Distinguishing deferent perspectives  Explaining cause and effect  Problem solving  Inferring  Explaining patterns

4. Comparing and contrasting  Finding what is similar/different between two or more things.  Drawing conclusions based on these similarities and differences.  Compare and contrast the conflicts/ problems/dilemmas in two stories or poems.  Compare and contrast characters in a text.

5. Useful vocabulary  like, similar, also, similarly, in the same way, likewise, again, compared to, both, have in common.  unlike, in contrast with, different than, opposite, (comparative adjectives) on the contrary, however, although, yet, even though, still, nevertheless, regardless, despite, while, on the one hand…on the other hand.  Compare and contrast Mr. Kelada and the narrator.

6. Distinguishing deferent perspectives  Identifying different points of view in a text;  Identifying different outlooks on life.  Identify how different characters respond to a central event in the story.  How does your understanding of the characters’ actions/events in the story change as you read?

7. Useful vocabulary  perspective, point of view, attitude, differences, outside, inside, looking from the side, opinion, reader, narrator, consider, identify, distinguish, tell the difference,  however, on the one hand, on the other hand, outlook, standpoint, perception, side, angle.  How do the narrator's feelings about Mr. Kelada change from the beginning to the end of the story?

8.  Identifying reasons why things happen (the cause);  Identifying and describing the result (the effect) of actions and circumstances;  Explaining the connection between the two.  What were the results of ___‘s action?  What caused ___ to think that ___? Explaining cause and effect

9. Useful Vocabulary  cause, effect, result, consequence, consequently, outcome, as a result of, therefore, if....then, in order to, due to, because, thanks to, as a result (of), encourage, persuade, development, explanation, ___ leads to ____.  While Mr. Kelada is examining the pearls, Mrs. Ramsay's face changes. How does this affect Mr. Kelada?

10. Problem solving Identifying a problem/dilemma and its solution. Identifying a problem and suggesting a solution of your own based on what you know about the characters, events and circumstances. Define the problem facing the protagonist. What is the central conflict in this text and how is it resolved? Explain. What dilemma does ___ face at this point in the story?

11. Useful vocabulary  find out, solve, answer, explain, difficulty, resolve, decipher, predicament, trouble, crisis, advantage / disadvantage, pros and cons, choice, dilemma, deal with, weighing possibilities.  What dilemma does Mr. Kelada face when he examines the pearls? How does he solve his dilemma?

12. Inferring Reading "between the lines" to understand information that is not presented directly. Drawing a conclusion from clues. What do you think the character meant when s/he said, “___”? What does ___’s behavior suggest? What is the purpose or function of this information? What different meanings can be inferred from this line in the poem?

13. Useful vocabulary  Infer, learn, conclude, read between the lines, assume, clue, hint, imply, probably, likely, unlikely, evidence, what are the consequences of this statement?  What is the importance of the setting of the story?

14. Explaining patterns Identifying and explaining different patterns of behavior in a text; Explaining why these patterns are important. Identifying and explaining different patterns in a poem - for example: rhythm and rhyme; What behavior does the character repeat? Explain why certain lines/phrases/words are repeated in a story/poem.

15. Useful vocabulary  repeat, repetition, repetitive, routine, order, notice, noticeable, significance, significant, similar, recur, rule, follow a pattern, pattern of behavior.  What behavior does Mr. Kelada repeat throughout the story? Why is his behavior in the end surprising? Explain.

16. A  After the discussion about the pearls at the dinner table, Mr. Kelada "took out his pocketbook and from it a hundred-dollar bill. He handed it to Ramsay without a word… Mr. Kelada's hands were trembling."  Why do you think Mr. Kelada's hands were trembling? Give information from the story to support your answer.  NOTE: For this question use ONE of the thinking skills from the Appendix( נספח ) on page 15.  Thinking skill I chose:......................................................................  ANSWER:.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

17. B  Explain why you chose that particular skill to answer question 4a. Your answer must refer specifically to the text.  ANSWER:.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

18. Answer  Thinking skill I chose:  Mr. Kelada's hands were trembling because by losing the bet and admitting that he was wrong, he was doing something that was in complete contrast to his character, especially since pearls were his expertise. He was lying in order to save Mrs. Ramsay and he knew that the price he had to pay (sacrificing his reputation) was very high.  I chose this HOTS because it helped me see that Mr. Kelada's hands were trembling as a result of lying in order to save Mrs. Ramsay and the price he had to pay for it.