1. Constitutional Principles

2. Starter What are the goals of government according to the Preamble?

3. Popular Sovereignty Origin of idea: Enlightenment thinker Jean-Jacques Rousseau government was based on consent of the governed (the people). Power lies with the people or the people have the right to rule. People exercise popular sovereignty through voting in elections.

4. Rule of Law no one may break the law. The law applies to everyone. Rule of Law protects against abuse of power.

5. Separation of Powers Origin of idea: Enlightenment thinker Baron de Montesquieu Separates the legislative, executive and judicial functions of government and Assigns each to a separate branch. Separation of Powers protects against one person or group gaining too much power. Example: Legislative makes law, Executive enforces that law, and Judicial interprets the law

6. Separation of Powers Tree In the Diagram 1. What is the root of the US Government? 2. What is the Trunk of the tree? 3. What are the branches of the tree?

7. Checks and Balances Each branch of government is able to check or restrain the power of the others. Checks and balances keep any one branch from becoming too powerful. Example: Legislative can impeach the president or judges. President can veto law made by Congress

8. Checks and Balances Chart

9. Federalism power is shared between the national government and the state. Enumerated powers are powers of Federal Government-such as declare war Reserved Powers are powers of the state governments-such as marriage laws Concurrent powers are shared between national and state government-such as make laws

10. Federalism Reserved Powers State Government Expressed Powers Federal Government Concurrent Powers Federal and State