1. Manifest Destiny

2. American Mission John Winthrop - Thomas Jefferson - Manifest Destiny -

3. Why Move West? - fresh start - farming, mining, or speculation –Merchants - followed farmers and miners *transportation increased trade opportunities and made life a little more comfortable

4. Conflict with Western Native Americans –1830s –Settlers and US government pressured Native Americans to move west of the Mississippi River –Sauk and Fox tribes resisted and were forcibly removed –Cheyenne, Arapaho, Sioux, Crow, etc & US “From this day forward all war between the parties to this agreement shall for ever cease. The government of the United States desires peace, and its honor is hereby pledged to keep it.”

5. Set aside for the ''sole, absolute and undisturbed use and occupation'' of the Sioux

7. Census Population of Western States State18601870Difference California379,994560,247180,253 Nevada6,85742,49135,634 Oregon52,46590,92338,458 Colorado34,27739,6845,407 Idaho−14,990 Montana−20,595 Utah40,27386,78946,516 Washington11,59423,95512,361 Wyoming−9,118 Totals525,460888,792 363,332

8. CauseEstimated deaths Disease6,000–12,500 Indian attack3,000-4,500 Freezing300–500 Run-overs200–500 Drowning200–500 Shootings200–500 Miscellaneous200–500 Scurvy300–500 Totals9,400–21,000 Trail