1. You have 5 minutes…  Complete your Venn on the VA and NJ plans.  Take out the cell phone activity.

2. THE CONSTITUTION AND FEDERALISM

3. The Constitution  Two sides debated whether or not to pass this new plan for government  Two sides emerged  Federalist  Anti-federalist

4. Federalist Beliefs  Favored a strong central government  Led by Alexander Hamilton, James Maddison, John Jay  Felt the Articles of the Confederation were weak and ineffective  Wanted the states to have less authority; more authority with the central government  Opposed the Bill of Rights being added James Maddison

5. Antifederalist Beliefs  Opposed a strong central government  Led by Patrick Henry, George Mason, Samuel Adams  Felt the Articles of the Confederation only need to be amended (changed)  Wanted the states to play a large role in government; strong state governments  Wanted the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution

6. The Federalist Papers The Federalist Papers were A collection of eighty- five essays by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay that explain and defend the advantages of the US Constitution.

7. Constitution Passed  After the Bill of Rights was added it was ratified  New Hampshire the 9th state to ratify  June 21, 1788- The Constitution went into effect  The last state to ratify was Rhode Island in1790

8. Breakdown of the Constitution 3 Main Components  Preamble– Why the Constitution was written  7 Articles– Explain how the gov’t is to work  27 Amendments– changes made to the Constitution

10. Preamble List our Purposes of Government  To form a more perfect union  Establish Justice  Ensure domestic tranquility  Provide for common defense  Promote the general welfare  Secure liberty

11. Articles  Article I – Legislative Branch  Makes the laws  Article II – Executive Branch  Enforces the laws  Article III – Judicial Branch  Interprets the laws  Establishes the US Supreme Court

12. Articles continued…  Article IV – Relations Among States  Requires that states give citizens from other states the same rights as its own  National government will protect states  Article V – Amendment Process  Explains the different processes for amending (changing) the Constitution

13. Articles continued…  Article VI – National Supremacy  Contains the “supremacy clause” – establishes that the Constitution, laws passed by Congress, and treaties are the “Supreme Law of the Land”  Article VII – Ratification  Addresses approval of the Constitution and that it would take effect after 9 states ratified, or approved, the Constitution

14. Principles of the Constitution  Popular sovereignty- People should have the right and the power to rule themselves  Examples- VA House of Burgesses, Declaration of Independence  Federalism- the distribution of power in a government between the federal authority and the states  Shared power between federal gov’t and state gov’t

15. Principles of the Constitution continued…  Limited Government- The Constitution tells what the government may and may not do  Writers of the Constitution wanted the government strong but not to strong, so they made gov’t rules  Rule of law means the law applies to everyone, even those who govern

16. Principles of the Constitution continued…  Separation of Powers- Framers of the Constitution wanted to make sure that no 1 person or group had too much power  Checks and Balances- The system of checks and balances allows each branch to check or limit the power of the other branches

17. Principles of the Constitution continued…  Judicial Review- the doctrine in which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the courts

18. TEST Tomorrow Unit 2  45- 50 MC and Matching  3 to 4 Essay Questions Essay Questions  Describe 3 causes and 3 effects of the American Revolution.  Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the Continental Army (Americans). Then describe the strengths and weaknesses of the British Redcoats. Why were the Americans considered the underdogs and why did they win the American Revolution?

19. Essay Questions continued…  Compare and contrast the VA and NJ plans. Tell 3 compromises made when creating the Constitution of the US of America.  Name and describe 3 principles of the Constitution. Also give an example of each principle.  Explain the Articles of Confederation. Why was it not a successful form of government? What were 2 successes under this form of government?