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Published byAmice Chapman Modified over 8 years ago
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Charge (q) Comes in + and – Is conserved total charge remains constant Is quantized elementary charge, e, is charge on 1 electron or 1 proton e = 1.602 10 -19 Coulombs LIKE charges REPEL and OPPOSITE charges ATTRACT
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Coulomb’s Law The force between 2 charges depends on the product of the charges divided by the distance squared: F = kq 1 q 2 /d 2 k = 8.99 10 9 N m 2 / C 2 q 1, q 2 are charges (C) d is distance between the charges (m) F is force (N)
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F = kq 1 q 2 /d 2 If you double one charge - the force will double (larger charges have greater force) If you double the distance the force will reduce to ¼ (farther away the force decreases greatly)
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Electric Fields By definition, the are “LINES OF FORCE” Some important facts: An electric field is a vector Always is in the direction that a POSITIVE “test” charge would move The amount of force PER “test” charge If you placed a 2 nd positive charge (test charge), near the positive charge shown above, it would move AWAY. If you placed that same charge near the negative charge shown above it would move TOWARDS.
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Why use fields? Forces exist only when two or more particles are present. Fields exist even if no force is present. The field of one particle only can be calculated.
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For any electric field F = Eq F: Force in N E: Field in N/C q: Charge in C
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V = Ed Electrical Potential V: change in electrical potential (V) E: Constant electric field strength (N/m or V/m) d: distance moved (m) Equal and opposite charges on two parallel plates create a uniform field in the space between them.
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Electrical Potential Energy U = q V U: change in electrical potential energy (J) q: charge moved (C) V: potential difference (V)
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Charging and Discharging Charge by friction “BIONIC is the first-ever ionic formula mascara. The primary ingredient in BIONIC is a chain molecule with a positive charge. The friction caused by sweeping the mascara brush across lashes causes a negative charge. Since opposites attract, the positively charged formula adheres to the negatively charged lashes for a dramatic effect that lasts all day.”BIONIC
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