1. Cryomodule Instrumentation Darryl Orris 13 May 2015 Production CM FDR

2. 2 Outline LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 Introduction Production vs. Prototype Instrumentation Summary Instrumentation Engineering Specifications Instrumentation Solutions Instrumentation Assemblies Conclusions

3. 3 Introduction LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 LCLS-II production cryomodule instrumentation is based on the LCLS-II prototype CM instrumentation specification (LCLS-II Cryomodule External Interfaces: LCLS-II 4.5-IC-0372-R0). However, the total number of sensors has been reduced; in particular, temperature sensors have been substantially decreased and most will be replaced with silicon diodes (1.3GHz Production CM P&ID: F10040796). Engineering specifications for the cryomodule instrumentation conform to the SLAC Electrical Safety Requirements for Lab Equipment (LCLSII-1.1-TS-0435-RO) as well as the recommendations of the Fermilab Environment, Safety and Health Manual (FESHM) and the NEC. In addition, instrumentation solutions address specific criterion in order to meet the high Q0 cavity performance requirements as well as environmental conditions such as cryogenic/vacuum operations and lifetime radiation exposure. The instrumentation wiring architecture and connector flange layouts are designed so the production and prototype cryomodules will be interchangeable in the tunnel: A one-to-one cable connection correspondence between the production CM and prototype CM will be implemented. The instrumentation implementation techniques and hardware choices are also based on years of development and support for superconducting accelerator devices that have been routinely tested or placed into service.

4. 4 Production vs. Prototype CM Instrumentation Summary LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 The instrumentation sensors selected for the prototype cryomodules were chosen specifically to provide the required operational performance data from the prototype cryomodule test program. These sensors included calibrated Cernox sensors, fluxgate magnetometers, silicon diode temperature sensors, voltage taps, etc. The production cryomodule will have many of the standard devices/sensors selected for prototype cryomodules; such as the tuners, interlock sensors, field probes, the BPM, e-pickups, heaters, etc. The production cryomodule, however, will not include the fluxgate magnetometers and temperature sensors on the cavities (helium side), temperature sensors on the magnetic shields and beam tubes, and the voltage taps on the magnets will be reduced along with voltage taps and temperature sensors on the magnet leads. The following two slides summarizes the instrumentation differences between the production and prototype cryomodules:

5. 5 Production vs. Prototype CM Instrumentation Summary LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 Comparison of devices / sensors installed on the LCLS-II Production versus the Prototype Cryomodules. The differences have been underlined in RED text under the Production Instrumentation Note that Devices / Sensors that are used for interlocks are underlined in BLUE text. #Devices / InstrumentationPrototype (per CM)Production (per CM) 1Piezo Actuators (Fast Tuners)32 (4/cavity) 2 Stepper Motor Temp. Sensors (Platinum RTD Interlocks) 8 (1/cavity) 3 Main Coupler Temperature (Platinum RTD Interlocks) 16 (2/cavity) 4Helium Vessel Temperature (Cernox RTDs) 16 (2 on each of 8 helium vessels) 4 (2 on each helium Vessel 1 & 8) 5Beam Tube Temperatures (Cernox RTDS)8 (1/cavity)None 6Magnetic Shield Temperatures (Cernox RTDs)8 (1/cavity)None 7HOM Coupler Temperature Sensors 32 Cernox RTDs (1 between weldment & 1 on Cu sleeve on each HOM) 16 (1 Silicon Diode / HOM on Cu Sleeve) 8Stepper Motors (Slow Tuners)8 (1/cavity) 9Tuner Limit Switches16 (2/tuner) 10Cavity Field Probes (Transmitted Power)8(1/cavity) 11HOM Field Probes (Transmitted Power)16 (2/cavity) 12Coupler Electron Pick-ups16 (2/cavity) 13Helium Vessel Heaters (Film)8 (1/He vessel) 14Split Quad/Dipole Corrector Voltage Taps 15 (5 VTs/magnet) – Includes ¼ coil segments 6 (2 VTs/magnet) – Whole coils only 15Split Quad/Dipole Corrector Heater1 (spans all coils)

6. 6 Production vs. Prototype CM Instrumentation Summary LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 #Devices / InstrumentationPrototype (per CM)Production (per CM) 16 Split Quad/Dipole Corrector Current Lead Voltage Taps 18 (6/magnet) – Two VT segments per lead 12 (4/magnet) – Whole lead VT segments only 17Beam Position Monitor (BPM)1 (4 Pick-ups) 18Fluxgate Magnetic Sensors in Vacuum5 ( Cav. 1,2, 4,7, & 8) 19Helium Cool Down Circuit Heater (Film)33 20 Split Quad/Dipole Corrector Temperatures (Silicon Diodes) 4 (1 on each of 4 coils) 21 Split Quad/Dipole Corrector Current Lead Temp. (Silicon Diodes) 12 (4/magnet)4 (2/thermal anchor) 22Cool Down Temperature Sensors 15 Cernox RTDs (Lines A- F, Thermal shield, & after cool down heater) 10 sensors (5 diodes on lines A-D, 3 Platinum RTDs on lines E & F & Thermal shield, & 2 CX RTDs after cool down heater) 23Liquid Level Sensors (AMI)2 (2 phase-separators) 24Cavity Helium Pressure Upstream2 (1 low, 1 high range) 25 Helium Vessel Internal Temperature (Cernox RTDs) 16 (4 each on cavities 1,4,5, & 8) None 26 Flux Gate Magnetic Field Sensors in Helium Vessels 8 (2 each on cavities 1,4,5, & 8) None 27Heater in Level Can11 Comparison of devices / sensors installed on the LCLS-II Production versus the Prototype Cryomodules. The differences have been underlined in RED text under the Production Instrumentation

7. 7 Instrumentation Engineering Specifications LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 Engineering Specifications have been written for the cryomodule instrumentation wires, sensors, RF cables and connectors, and multi- pin connectors. Document NumberDocument LCLSII-4.5-ES-0414 Cryomodule Coaxial Cable and Connectors Specification LCLSII-4.5-ES-0415 Cryomodule Sensors Specification LCLSII-4.5-ES-0416 Cryomodule Multi-Pin Connectors Specification LCLSII-4.5-ES-0417 Cryomodule Instrumentation Wiring Specification

8. 8 Instrumentation Engineering Specifications LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 Instrumentation specifications address electrical, thermal, and cryo-mechanical performance requirements that must satisfy the operational / environmental conditions, as well as Q0 cavity performance requirements, and equipment & personnel electrical safety compliance. Examples of engineering specifications include: Electrical, thermal, and cryo-mechanical performance requirements of RF cables RF losses Operating frequency Impedance Shield effectiveness Dynamic Heat Load Static Bend radius Radiation Hardness for sensors, wires, and cables – Radiation induced offsets (errors) in temperature sensor performance Conductor electrical insulation degradation Vacuum/Cryogenic – Ampacity of wires in a vacuum – MIL-STD-975M specifies a 20% de-rating Outgassing of materials – choice of insulation, etc. Affect on radiation hardness of electrical insulation Thermal anchoring

9. 9 Instrumentation Engineering Specifications LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 More examples of engineering specifications include: Q0 Cavity performance requirements Magnetic measurement sensor specifications Use of non-magnetic materials -Limit sources of magnetic fields Wires, Cables, and Connector Specifications Current/voltage/resistance specifications Capacitive and inductive coupling -Shield electrical noise from sources such as the piezos, stepper motors, etc. Equipment & Personnel Electrical Safety Compliance SLAC Electrical Safety Requirements for Lab Equipment (LCLSII-1.1-TS-0435-RO) – -All external connectors containing hazardous voltages (50 volts or greater, AC or DC) must be touch safe (i.e. shall not present a contact hazard to the worker) – Applies to Feed-through connectors -Capacitors must have bleeder resistors or automatic discharge devices – Applies to Piezo Actuators (can develop a charge during cool down) Current carrying wires in a vacuum environment -- the ampacity follows NASA Standard MIL-STD-975M. It‘s ~20% de-rating from air to vacuum environment

10. 10 Instrumentation Solutions LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 The following are some example instrumentation solutions: Piezo Tuner Wires –

11. 11 Instrumentation Solutions LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 Piezo Capacitive Charge – A 1 MOhm bleeder resistor will be installed across each piezo inside the CM (follows electrical safety requirement) – Yuriy Pischalnikov confirmed approval by the piezo manufacturer Temperature Sensor Selection – Most of the temperature sensors specified for use on the production cryomodules are Lakeshore DT-670 silicon diodes. Unlike Cernox RTDs they are affected by the long term radiation exposure. The following paper discusses the radiation calibration shift of DT-670 sensors: “Radiation Induced Calibration Shift for Four Cryogenic Thermometer Types”, S. Scott Courts and C.J. Yeager, Lakeshore, Cryotronics, Inc.

12. 12 Instrumentation Solutions LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 Temperature Sensor Selection (Cont.) – From the Lakeshore Cryotronics, Inc. Paper: “Radiation Induced Calibration Shift for Four Cryogenic Thermometer Types”

13. 13 Instrumentation Solutions LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 RF Coaxial Cables – Timergali Khabiboulline and Mohamed Hassan performed studies of several RF cable types including higher order modes electromagnet heating, cryogenic shrinkage tests, and reviewed radiation studies of similar dielectric materials in vacuum and cryogenic temperatures. Times Microwave SystemsTFlex-401 & 402 was selected based on experience at Jefferson laboratory and the outcome of these studies. The long term radiation exposure of the PTFE was of particular concern. This is addressed in the engineering specification (LCLSII-4.5-ES-0414), which discusses the improved radiation hardness of this material when used in a vacuum environment and at lower (cryogenic) temperatures, and therefore the expected radiation hardness requirement is achieved. Magnetic Materials – All connectors, wires, cables, etc., are made of non-magnetic materials. QC inspections will verify that purchased parts are non-magnet. Wire Insulation – All devices except the RTDs are instrumented with Accu-Glass wires, which have the same vacuum and radiation specifications as the wires use for the piezo actuators. The temperature sensors are instrumented with a quad-twisted Manganin wire from California Fine Wire Co. This wire is insulated with a Polyamide ML (resin film). This insulation is reported (NASA) to show no deterioration for doses up to 1.5 x 10 8 RADs. Tefzel is used as an outer jacket for these wire, which is very resistive to abrasion. O-Rings – EPDM O-Rings used will be used

14. 14 Instrumentation Solutions LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 Feed Through Connectors on Instrumentation Ports – All feed-through connectors chosen meet the electrical safety guidelines Connectors are purposely chosen for their function and are not interchangeable -Temperature sensor cables are not compatible with stepper motor connectors, and so on. The wiring architecture and connector layout allows interchangeability between a prototype cryomodule and a production cryomodule. -All additional instrumentation on the prototype CMs are routed to independent connectors.

15. 15 Instrumentation Assemblies LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 All instrumentation will have to be assembled prior to installation inside the cryomodule. Individual components, such as temperature sensors, will have to be prepared for their specific application and terminated with wires/cables and required connectors. Several QC checks will also be made during the assembly and installation process. Detailed procedures and assembly drawings originally generated for the ILC CM-2 at Fermilab (~100 documents) are being updated for the LCLS-II production cryomodules.

16. 16 Conclusions LCLS-II Production Cryomodule Final Design Review: Instrumentation, 13 May 2015 The LCLS-II production cryomodule P&ID (F10040796) has been generated based on the prototype cryomodule P&ID. Four Cryomodule Instrumentation Engineering Specification documents have been generated that include the RF cables and connectors, multi-pin connectors, sensors, and instrumentation wires. Instrumentation engineering specifications and solutions address electrical, thermal, and cryo- mechanical performance requirements that must satisfy the LCLS-II production CM operational / environmental conditions, as well as Q0 cavity performance requirements, and laboratory equipment & personnel electrical safety requirements. The production cryomodule will have a reduced set of instrumentation compared to the prototype cryomodules. However, many of the standard devices/sensors remain unchanged; such as the tuners, interlock sensors, field probes, the BPM, e-pickups, heaters, etc. The prototype and productions cryomodule instrumentation is wired/configured so they are interchangeable in the tunnel. Most of the 100 existing procedures, drawings, and checkout documents generated for ILC CM-2 are being updated for the LCLS-II production cryomodules. The Quality and Materials Department is currently implementing some of these documents for the LCLS-II travelers.