1. Latin America IV South America

2. Population Most South Americans live on the continent’s edges “Populated rim”

3. Brain Drain Loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries ◦ Better wages and living conditions

4. Inca 1200-1500 Settled in modern day Peru in the fertile Andes valleys ◦ Population of 9 million people ◦ Capital at Cuzco ◦ Defeated by Spanish Conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro ◦ King Atahualpa murdered

5. Inca

6. Independence By the late 1700s, many groups had begun to demand freedom from Spanish rule ◦ Peninsulares gone ◦ Creoles and Mestizos wanted independence People have the right to life, liberty, and property Revolution in North America in 1776

7. Problems Today Corrupt politics and violence Huge gap between the rich and poor ◦ Tiny wealthy elite controlled the land ◦ Most live in poverty Lack of jobs Need for more rights for indigenous groups

8. Ruling Latin America Liberals Limit the influence of the Church Redistribute land to the poor Reduce gap between the rich and the poor Religious toleration Rapid Change Conservative Opposed freedom of speech and the press Preserve social order and power of the Church Slow change

9. Native American Art Mastery of stone architecture Weaving Ceramics Metal working Painting Church style seen in all art