1. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 WP 8 Tuners Przemek Sekalski

2. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Description Electromechanical systems for Lorentz force & microphonics compensation and for pre-tuning stage CEA-Sacley current design Double lever system Stepping motor PHYTRON with Harmonic Drive gear box ΔZ=±5mm, Δf=±2.6MHz Theoretical resolution 1.5nm Stiffness ~100kN/mm Ready for piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuator CEA-Sacley new design Double lever with a screw-nut system Stepping motor PHYTRON or SANYO with Harmonic Drive gear box Δf=±2MHz @RT, Δf=±460kHz @2K Ready for piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuator preload force for active elements is almost decoupled with motor position UMI Milan tuner Coaxial Three coaxial rings connected by blades Stepping motor for pre-tuning stage Piezos up to 72mm length Shorter dead zone between cavities 350  283mm (total accelerator length reduction by 5%) Expensive (factor of 2-3) Stiffer than others (easily upgradeable)

3. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Description cont Dimensions: 10x10x36mm Manufacturer: PI Magnetostrictive actuators Piezoelectric actuators PZT Dimensions: 10x10x30mm Manufacturer: NOLIAC Dimensions: 7.5x7.5x50mm Manufacturer: PiezoMechanik Dimensions: 7x7x30mm Manufacturer: EPCOS Dimensions: 6x6x20mm Manufacturer: ETREMA Material: GalFeNOL Dimensions: Φ10x20mm Manufacturer: ENERGEN Material: KELVIN ALL®

4. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Outline “Official” tables... –Meetings –Papers –Progress Technical issues: –Magnetostrictive tuner by Przemek Sekalski (task 8.2) –CEA tuner by Pierre Bosland (task 8.1) –Coaxial tuner by Angelo Bosotti (task 8.3) –Piezostacks characterization by Mohammed Fouaidy (task 8.4)

5. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Meetings organized under JRA1 DateTitle/subjectLocationNumber of Attendees Website Address January 24, 2005Magnetostrictive tuner development DESY, Hamburg, Germany 5 March 11, 2005Preparation of magnetostrictive test characterization IPN, Orsay, France5 March 30 – April 1, 2005TESLA Technology MeetingDESY, Hamburg, Germany 117tesla.desy.de April 1,2005 WP 8 Meeting DESY, Hamburg, Germany 10tesla.desy.de/~sekalski May 16-20, 2005PAC 2005Knoxville, http://www.sns.gov/pac05/ May 30-June 5, 2005WILGA SymposiumTennessee, USA120http://wilga.ise.pw.edu.pl/2005/eng/ June 22-25, 200512th International Conference MIXDES Wilga, Poland150www.mixdes.org July 10-15, 2005SRF 2005 WorkshopCracow, Poland240http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/SRF 2005/ August 28- September 2, 2005 SPIE ConferenceWarsaw, Poland100http://spie.org/home.html September 19-21, 2005IMAPS 2005Darlowo, Poland90http://imaps2005.man.koszalin.pl/

6. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 List of talks of JRA1 members SubjectSpeaker/LabEventDateWeb site Full Characterization at Low Temperature of Piezoelectric Actuators M. Fouaidy, IPN Orsay TESLA Technology Meeting March 31tesla.desy.de Magnetostrictive tuner P. Sekalski, TUL-DMCS TESLA Technology Meeting 31.03.05tesla.desy.de Experiences and Reliability with Cold Saclay Frequency Tuner in CHECHIA and Cryomodules and with Cold Blade Frequency Tuner in CHECHIA and Superstructure Module R. Lange, DESY WP 8 Meeting1.04.05 New CEA Piezo tuning system P. Bosland, CEA Sacley WP 8 Meeting1.04.05 UMI tuner A. Bosotti, INFN Milan WP 8 Meeting1.04.05 Blade tuner N. Panzeri, INFN Milan WP 8 Meeting1.04.05 Full Characterization at Low Temperature of Piezoelectric Actuators Used for SRF Cavities Active Tuning M. Fouaidy, IPN Orsay WP 8 Meeting1.04.05 Magnetostrictive tuner and piezo control systemP. Sekalski, TUL-DMCS WP 8 Meeting1.04.05

7. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 List of talks of JRA1 members cont. SubjectSpeaker/LabEventDateWeb site Mechanical Vibration Measurements on TTF Cryomodules A. Bosotti (INFN/LASA) PAC 05 May 20 http://www.sns.gov/pac05/ Full Characterization at Low Temperature of Piezoelectric Actuators Used for SRF Cavities Active Tuning M. Fouaidy IPN-Orsay PAC 05 May 20 http://www.sns.gov/pac05/ Variety of Electromechanical Lorentz Force Compensation Systems Dedicated for Superconducting High Field Resonant Cavities P. Sekalski DMCS-TUL Wilga Symposium May 31 http://wilga.ise.pw.edu.pl/2005 /eng/ Performance of Magnetostrictive Elements at LHe Environment P. Sekalski DMCS-TUL MIXDES June 22 www.mixdes.org M. Fouaidy IPN-Orsay MIXDES June 23 www.mixdes.org Piezoelectric Stack Based System for Lorentz Force Compensation P. Sekalski DMCS-TUL SRF 2005 July 12 http://www.lns.cornell.edu/pub lic/SRF2005/ Electromechanical, Thermal Properties and Radiation Hardness Tests of Piezoelectric Actuators at Low Temperature M. Fouaidy IPN-Orsay SRF 2005 July 14 http://www.lns.cornell.edu/pub lic/SRF2005/ Cold Tuning System Dedicated To 700 Mhz Superconducting Elliptical Cavity For Protons Linac M. Fouaidy IPN-Orsay SRF 2005 July 14 http://www.lns.cornell.edu/pub lic/SRF2005/ RRR of Copper Coating And Low Temperature Electrical Resistivity Of Material For TTF Couplers M. Fouaidy IPN-Orsay SRF 2005 July 14 http://www.lns.cornell.edu/pub lic/SRF2005/ Application of multilayer piezoelectric elements for resonant cavity deformation in VUV-FEL DESY accelerator A. Napieralski DMCS-TUL IMAPS 2005 September 20 http://imaps2005.man.koszali n.pl/

8. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Papers List of papers TitleAuthorsJournal/Conf. CARE- pub Przegląd prac Politechniki Łódzkiej realizowanych w programie CARE Research overview realized by Technical University of Lodz in CARE framework A. Napieralski, M. Grecki, P. Sekalski, D. Makowski, M. Wojtowski, W. Cichalewski, B. Koseda, B. Swiercz, DMCS-TUL Elektronika 2/2005, ISSN 0033-2089 Systemy elektromechaniczne do kompensacji odkształcenia wnęk rezonansowych stosowanych w technologii TESLA Electromechanical systems for shape compensation of TESLA technology based cavities. P. Sekalski DMCS-TUL Elektronika 7/2005, ISSN 0033-2089

9. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Papers CARE-Conf Improvement of the Blade Tuner Design for Superconducting RF Cavities C. Pagani, A. Bosotti, P. Michelato, N. Panzeri, P. Pierini INFN PAC 05 Performance of Magnetostrictive Elements at LHe Environment M. Grecki, P. Sekalski, DMCS-TUL C. Albrecht DESY 12th International Conference MIXDES 2005, pp. 799-802, ISBN 83-919289-9-3. The Fast Piezo-Blade Tuner for SCRF ResonatorsC. Pagani, A. Bosotti, P. Michelato, N. Panzeri, R. Paparella, P. Pierini INFN SRF 05 Electromechanical, Thermal Properties and Radiation Hardness Tests of Piezoelectric Actuators at Low Temperature M. Fouaidy, G. Martinet, N. Hammoudi, F. Chatelet, A. Olivier, S. Blivet, H. Saugnac, A. Le Goff, IPN SRF 05 Cold Tuning System Dedicated To 700 Mhz Superconducting Elliptical Cavity For Protons Linac M. Fouaidy, N. Hammoudi, N. Gandolfo, S. Rousselot, M. Nicolas, P. Szott, S. Blivet, H. Saugnac, S. Bousson, IPN SRF 05 RRR of Copper Coating And Low Temperature Electrical Resistivity Of Material For TTF Couplers M. Fouaidy, N. Hammoudi, IPN S. Prat, LAL SRF 05 Piezoelectric stack based system for Lorentz force compensation caused by high field in superconducting cavities P. Sekalski, A. Napieralski, DMCS-TUL S. Simrock, DESY SRF 05 CARE activities on superconducting RF cavities at INFN Milano A. Bosotti, P. Pierini, P. Michelato, R. Paparella, N. Panzeri, L. Monaco, R. Paulon, M. Novati INFN C. Pagani, DESY SPIE Conference, Warsaw, Poland Application of multilayer piezoelectric elements for resonant cavity deformation in VUV-FEL DESY accelerator A. Napieralski, P. Sekalski DMCS-TULIMAPS 2005

10. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Papers CARE-Note PI piezo Life Time Test ReportA. Bosotti, R. Paparella, F. Puricelli INFN Milan Mechanical study of the “Saclay piezo tuner” PTS (Piezo Tuning System) P. Bosland, Bo Wu, DAPNIA - CEA Saclay CARE Report Report on Fast Piezo Blade Tuner (UMI Tuner) for SCRF Resonators Design and Fabrication 8.1.5 Milestone C. Pagani, A. Bosotti, P. Michelato, R. Paparella, N. Panzeri, P. Pierini, F. Puricelli INFN Sezione di Milano LASA, Italy G. Corniani, ZANON, Schio, Italy CARE/SRF Document

11. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Progress Nr.TaskBegin of taskEnd of taskApr 05Jul 05 8WP8 TUNERS01.01.0431.12.0723% 8.1UMI TUNER01.01.0431.12.0713% 8.1.1Control electronics01.01.0402.07.04100% 8.1.2Mechanical tuner design, leverage system/motor03.01.0529.09.0520%100% 8.1.3Integration piezo design03.01.0509.05.055%100% 8.1.4Choice of transducer/actuator09.05.0510.08.050%100% 8.1.5Report UMI tuner10.08.05 0%90% 8.1.6Tuner fabrication10.08.0507.02.060%30% 8.1.7Piezo fabrication and bench tests07.02.0606.02.070% 8.1.8Cavity-tuner-coupler integration04.01.0630.06.070% 8.1.9Pulsed RF tests02.07.0731.12.070% 8.1.10Evaluation of tuner operation31.12.07 0% 8.2Magneto-strictive Tuner01.01.0431.01.0631% 8.2.1Complete specification01.01.0430.01.04100% 8.2.2Conceptual design02.02.0431.03.04100% 8.2.3Prototype and performance evaluation01.04.0404.02.0570%85% 8.2.4Finalize tuner and drive electronics design01.07.0414.04.0525%50% 8.2.5Test of tuner14.04.0531.01.060%10% 8.2.6Report on magneto-strictive Tuner31.01.06 0%

12. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Progress Nr.TaskBegin of taskEnd of taskApr 05Jul 05 8.3CEA Tuner05.01.0401.06.0563% 8.3.1Design Piezo + Tuning System05.01.0418.06.04100% 8.3.2Fabrication21.06.0431.03.0550%95% 8.3.3Installation RF01.04.0501.06.050%95% 8.3.4Start of Integrated Experitments01.06.05 0% 8.4IN2P3 Activity01.01.0407.08.0621% 8.4.1Characterize actuators/piezo-sensors at low temperature01.01.0421.03.0560%95% 8.4.2Report on actuator/piezo sensor21.03.05 0%60% 8.4.3Test radiation hardness of piezo tuners01.07.0415.08.0520%100% 8.4.4Report on radiation hardness tests15.08.05 0%50% 8.4.5Integration of piezo and cold tuner03.01.0506.12.055%20% 8.4.6Cryostat tests06.12.0503.02.060% 8.4.7Tests with pulsed RF03.02.0607.08.060% 8.4.8Report on IN2P3 tuner activities07.08.06 0%

13. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 DMCS-TUL developments P. Sekalski Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science Technical University of Lodz, Poland

14. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Outline Magnetostrictive tuner: specification, experiment description, plans for future, Control system for piezostack: description, recent results,

15. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Motivation for experiment Magnetostrictive elements: do not decrease elongation in low temperature ( depending on material ) might have a higher lifetime ( active element is driven by magnetic field ) are immune to shortcuts ( a magnetic field is induced in the coil ), generate less heat ( coil is made of superconductor, no contact between coil and active element, heat is generated only by magnetic domain rotation ), are not well know yet, are expensive but price is still going down Magnetostriction of different materials in function of temperature (courtesy of ENERGEN).

16. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Magnetostrictive tuner specifications 22 mm50 mm 61.8 mm

17. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Magnetostrictive tuner prototype Power Transconductance Amplifier based on PA93 APEX Power Operational Amplifier GalFeNOL rod from ETREMA Fast tuner with Kelvin All rod from ENERGEN Experimental setup

18. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Magnetostrictive tuner experiment The data obtained by Energen „is” done for preload of 400N. (no measurement for preload was performed at LHe temperature) Measured data Calibration data from INFN ~2μm of displacement for 8A

19. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Magnetostrictive tuner - future test Two new magnetostrictive rods from ETREMA were aquired. They are made of GalFeNOL. We would like to perform a characterization of all 3 rods (or more if possible) similar to the piezo one, including: –Displacement measurement versus magnetic field applied to device for different preload settings (i.e. 0N, 1kN, 2kN, 3kN), –Max. stroke, –Dynamics of motion, –Heat generation – coil is made of Nb 3 Sn, –Magnetic field distribution (if possible).

20. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Magnetostrictive rods comparison chart SupplierETREMAENERGEN MaterialGalFeNOLKELVIN ALL Shapecuboidcylinder Dimension of active element 6x6x20mmΦ=1cm L =20mm LaminationNo laminationLaminated to reduce edgy current Tested in warmYes Tested in coldnot yetYes, elongation >2μm Price per piece (piezostack ~ 200-400 €) ~$300~$1000 Ready for test with cavity in one month

21. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Piezo Control Panel (PCP)

22. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Features of PCP Online measurement of forward, reflected, probe power, Offline calculation of detuning (single pulse method), Linear approximation of detuning during flat-top: Δf = a1 * t + b1 (parameters are take for samples from 650 to 1350), Standard deviation (std) and Δf during whole flat-top are calculated, Piezo signal shape generation and drawing: sinus shape like (amplitude, offset, frequency, delay time, number of pulses), trapeze shape like (3 lines) (rise, fall and delay time, amplitude 1 and 2 and pulse width), Clear Function Generator possibly with one button Stop/start timer button allows monitoring detuning each pulse, Sweep buttons allow to change the value with constant step (parameters of sweep might be changed only directly in matlab script) Clear plots button and drawing on separate figures are attached (when selected also detuning in cav 4 and cav 6 is calculated), Save and load settings are implemented. Feed-forward algorithm for piezostack compensation

23. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 PCP Spectrum of mechanical vibration caused by RF field. For control a frequency of 294Hz is used (which is not resonance one) Used frequency relays on pulse length, not on mechanical modes Piezo response to RF pulse

24. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Feed forward algorithm frequency= 294Hz number of pulses = 4 offset= 0V t_delay= -11.85 amplitudedepends on gradient

25. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Feed forward algorithm Detuning linearization: y=a1*t+b1 a1(A) is linear function of amplitude of signal. It means that only by changing amplitude is possibly to adjust compensation for different gradients. For Amplitude = 1.02V (*40V/V) the a1 is close to zero, std is then in range of 6.

26. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Feed forward algorithm sweep over frequencies the fixed point is after 3.5 pulse Max a1 for 284Hz and 430Hz Std min 294Hz and 425 Hz Not far away from “expert’s” manual setting ;)

27. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 FF algorithm Detuning is well below 10Hz. But in generally it stays in range of <20Hz. Some changes from pulse to pulse are seen. Algorithm base on parameters measured during LLRF studies week. The multi-pulse compensation is used. 4 pulses are set. Delay time was found in sweeping. Frequency comes from spectrum measurement of cavity response to RF pulse (also from sweeping). Offset is not used (0V). Amplitude is adapted each pulse. Starting point comes from measurement (also from sweeping). The slope of change of a1 versus amplitude was measured (=0.2469 for 15.60MV/m). Its is almost constant for different gradients (vary from 0.3 for lower gradients to given value). The given value is used for correction of amplitude from set point. Then the new settings are stored. To run PCP go to /home/ttflinac/doocs/source/matlab/piezo/ACC1 and run acc1.m script. Then simply click on acc1/cav5 button

28. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Results Amplitude= 1.05 offset= 0 frequency= 294 delay time= -11.85 4 pulses Detuning without piezo compensation = 180Hz Detuning with piezo compensation = 10Hz

29. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Result of beam energy drift off on The energy increased by about 600keV or 0.5% (123 MeV total energy gain ACC1). The large drift is caused by the klystron. FB of ACC1 was switched off.

30. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Conclusions The main goal of test was reached: the magnetostrictive tuner was run successfully at LHe temperature. Ready for test with the cavity in a month. The maximal displacement of magnetostrictive tuner was less than 2um. The data might be not exact, because the preload force and boundary condition were not well controlled (It might happen that the preload force was higher than 1kN, because stiffness of fixture was unknown at low temperature). Small delay between input and output signal might be observed (around 70us). In principle it might be explained by the magnetostrictive element hysteresis (as it is observed in RT temperature). Automatic feed forward algorithm for piezostack-based system for Lorentz force compensation works correctly. It dumps detuning from 180Hz (15MV/m) down to below 10Hz in 2 iterations. Investigation of the influence on other cavity is required (is foreseen for next module where 8 fast tuners will be assembled)

31. DMCS-TUL developments JRA1 Meeting, Legnaro 19-21.X.2005 Thank you for your attention