1. Teacher Guide This lesson is designed to teach kids to ask a critical thinking question that you can’t just put into a search box to solve. To do that, we encourage them with smaller questions that search can help them answer. Make sure that you read the notes for each slide: they not only give you teaching tips but also provide answers and hints so you can help the kids if they are having trouble. Remember, you can always send feedback to the Bing in the Classroom team at BingInTheClassroom@Microsoft.com. You can learn more about the program at bing.com/classroom and follow the daily lessons on our Partners In Learning site. BingInTheClassroom@Microsoft.combing.com/classroomPartners In Learning site Want to extend today’s lesson? Consider using Skype in the Classroom to arrange for your class to chat with another class in today’s location. And if you are using Windows 8, you can also use the Bing apps to learn more about this location and topic; the Travel and News apps in particular make great teaching tools.Skype in the Classroom Alice Keeler is a mother of 5 and a teacher in Fresno, California. She has her B.A in Mathematics, M.S. in Educational Media Design and Technology and is currently working on a doctorate in Educational Technology with an emphasis in games and simulations. EdTech speaker, blogger, and presenter. Founder of coffeecue, a 1 hour conference event for educators. New Media Consortium Horizon report advisory panel member. High school math teacher for 14 years. Currently teaching pre-service teachers curriculum, instruction and technology at California State University Fresno. Teaches online for Fresno Pacific University in the Masters in Educational Technology. Passionate that kids are not failures, researches gamification in education to increase student motivation. This lesson is designed to teach the Common Core State Standard: English Language Arts CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.11-12.4CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.11-12.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including analyzing how an author uses and refines the meaning of a key term over the course of a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.11-12.3 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.11-12.3 Evaluate various explanations for actions or events and determine which explanation best accords with textual evidence, acknowledging where the text leaves matters uncertain. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.11-12.8CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.11-12.8 Evaluate an author's premises, claims, and evidence by corroborating or challenging them with other information.

2. How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity? © Pete Oxford/Minden Pictures/Corbis

3. Spanish conquistadors brought horses and cattle to the foothills of the Andes Mountains after the start of their colonization of the Americas in the 16 th century. As cultures merged in the region that is now Ecuador, a unique cowboy culture developed. Chagras, as the cowboys are called, are a lauded class of workers in Ecuador, but especially in Machachi, the town where chagras are like national heroes. Around this time of year, many local festivals celebrate the chagras. The riders parade through city streets showing off tricks they’ve trained their horses to perform and ride in other events like those in rodeos of the American West. How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?

4. 1 Web SearchWhat is a mestizaje? 2 Web Search What challenges are there to building a homogenous cultural referent to recognize Ecuadorians? 3 Web Search How are the cultural referents of Ecuadorian mestizos generally considered? 4 Web SearchWhat professions in Ecuador associated are with racial classifications? 5 Web Search What was Benjamín Carrión trying to accomplish in 1944 after the 1941 war against Peru? How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?

5. 5 Minutes How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?

6. 1 Web SearchWhat is a mestizaje? 2 Web Search What challenges are there to building a homogenous cultural referent to recognize Ecuadorians? 3 Web Search How are the cultural referents of Ecuadorian mestizos generally considered? 4 Web SearchWhat professions in Ecuador associated are with racial classifications? 5 Web Search What was Benjamín Carrión trying to accomplish in 1944 after the 1941 war against Peru? How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?

7. 1 Web SearchWhat is a mestizaje? How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?

8. 2 Web Search What challenges are there to building a homogenous cultural referent to recognize Ecuadorians? How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?

9. 3 Web Search How are the cultural referents (cholos, chagras, montuvios) of Ecuadorian mestizos generally considered? How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?

10. 4 Web SearchWhat professions in Ecuador are associated with racial classifications? How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?

11. 5 Web Search What was Benjamín Carrión trying to accomplish in 1944 after the 1941 war against Peru? How has a legacy of colonial hierarchies and power structures impacted the formation of an Ecuadorian national identity?