1. Sudan represents many of the problems we see in Africa.

3. North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa

4. Compare China and Africa in economic growth.

6. Is it all about geography? The effect of the Tropics

7.  1.40%  Sahara (larger than the USA)  Desert areas are expanding  2.8% - Agriculture, cities, development very difficult in TRF  3.Hot & very hot; often >100 degrees  No winter-kill of germs

8. Desert Regions

14.  4.Too much... Or... Too little  Floods..... Droughts

15.  5.Coastline Europe Africa Irregular – lots of harbors Smooth – no good harbors *Harbors are great places for cities to grow.

16.  6.Rivers: Difficult for travel – rapids and waterfalls  N. Am. rivers are natural highways

17. Nile Niger Congo Zambezi

19. The obsession with finding the source of the Nile River Richard Burton James Speke

20. Explorers are big on finding the source of a river. The Nile’s source is Lake Victoria.

21. Cairo, Egypt Nile delta

22. Ohmigosh!

23. Swimming in the Nile

24. The Nile Crocodile

28. Nile Perch.... Up to 6 feet and 440 pounds

31. The Nile Hippo – Dangerous?

32. OMG!

33. Travelling by barge on the Congo River

35. Victoria Falls – Zambezi River

44.  7. Natural Resources: Oil, gold, diamonds, copper, etc.  Problems: 1. Euros exploited them; Euros got rich, Africans stayed poor. 2. Profits wasted by corrupt African gov’t.

45.  Nigeria's agony dwarfs the Gulf oil spill. The US and Europe ignore it  The Deepwater Horizon disaster caused headlines around the world, yet the people who live in the Niger delta have had to live with environmental catastrophes for decades

46. A ruptured pipeline burns in a Lagos suburb after an explosion in 2008 which killed at least 100 people.

47.  1 million deaths/year; mostly kids <5  A child dies every 30 seconds  Preventable and treatable  $12 billion/year needed  $600 million is spent

49. Malaria can be prevented quite easily and inexpensively with malaria nets.

50.  Affects humans and cattle  Difficult to maintain cattle herds in these areas  Caused by tsetse fly

52. Tsetse Fly

53. Tsetse fly trap

54. Sleepiness – Coma - Death

56. A success story... Merck is donating drugs for as long as needed. It is possible to overcome tropical diseases.

57.  Chagas' Disease  Chikungunya  Cholera  Dengue Fever  Ebola  Giardiasis  Hepatitis  Lassa Fever  Leprosy  Malaria  Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever  Meningitis  Polio  Ross River Virus Infection  Schistosomiasis  Sleeping Sickness  Typhoid Fever  Yellow Fever

58.  PRESIDENT OBAMA has started an ambitious global health initiative that will deliver urgently needed medicine and preventative care to hundreds of millions of people in poor countries. Included in the plan are efforts to devote resources to “neglected tropical diseases,” afflictions like hookworm infections, river blindness and elephantiasis that many think have gone the way of smallpox, but which still make up the most common ailments among the world’s bottom billion. (NYT; 5/17/2010)

59. The Dark Continent Travel stories from European explorers were best sellers.