Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved. Chapter 6: Interactive facilities of z/OS: TSO/E, ISPF, and UNIX 58.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Chapter 6 objectives Be able to: Log on to z/OS Run programs from the TSO READY prompt Navigate through the menu options of ISPF Use the ISPF editor to make changes to a file Use the UNIX interfaces provided on z/OS, including the z/OS UNIX command shell.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. User runtime container: Address Space OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data OS Code Application Code Temp Work Areas System Code Meta Data

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. How do we interact with z/OS? TSO/E Allows users to logon to z/OS and use a limited set of basic commands. This is sometimes called using TSO in its native mode. ISPF Provides a menu system for accessing many of the most commonly used z/OS functions. z/OS UNIX shell and utilities Allows users to write and invoke shell scripts and utilities, and use the shell programming language.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. TSO overview TSO/E  Acronym for Time Sharing Option/Extensions (TSO/E)  Allows users to create an interactive session with z/OS  Provides a single-user logon capability and a basic command prompt interface to z/OS  Most users work with TSO through its menu-driven interface, Interactive System Productivity Facility (ISPF)

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. TSO overview (continued)  In a z/OS system, each user gets a user ID and a password authorized for TSO logon.  During TSO logon, the system displays the TSO logon screen on the user’s 3270 display device or TN3270 emulator.  z/OS system programmers modify the layout and text of the TSO logon panel to better suit the needs of the system’s users.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. TSO Logon Process via VTAM* *VTAM is z/OS’ Communication Access Method AS= Address Space APPLID = TSO Checks max user IDs and authority Verify values from Logon Panel and submits jcl to build AS Builds the AS Turns control to TSO USER at READY prompt

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. ENTER This key submits information you type on the display screen ATT This key interrupts or ends a process PF# This key represents a command or a series of commands RESET UNLOCKs the Keyboard PA1 Abort (Stop Processing) Like ATTENTION Key

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. TSO/E logon screen ------------------------------- TSO/E LOGON ----------------------------------- Enter LOGON parameters below: RACF LOGON parameters: Userid ===> KETTNER Password ===> New Password ===> Procedure ===> IKJACCNT Group Ident ===> Acct Nmbr ===> ACCNT# Size ===> 860000 Perform ===> Command ===> Enter an 'S' before each option desired below: -Nomail -Nonotice -Reconnect -OIDcard PF1/PF13 ==> Help PF3/PF15 ==> Logoff PA1 ==> Attention PA2 ==> Reshow You may request specific help information by entering a '?' in any entry field Enter ‘?’ on a blank field for further information ? ani

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Using TSO commands in native mode Usually, ISPF provides the interface for TSO. However, TSO includes a limited set of basic commands independent of ISPF and other programs. Using TSO in this way is called using TSO in its native mode. When you logon to TSO, the z/OS system responds by displaying the READY prompt, and waits for input (similar to a DOS prompt). “” *** 3 asterisks means more information… depress Enter ani

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. What is a CLIST (Command List)..a.k.a. Command Procedure CLIST is a high-level interpretive language that enables you to work more efficiently with TSO/E that can handle any number of tasks. Because the CLIST language is an interpretive language, CLISTs are very easy to test and does NOT require a compile. correct errorsre-execute Write structured programs, perform I/O, handle exceptions and attention interruptions Arithmetic and logical operations on numeric data String handling functions for processing character data Can perform routine tasks (i.e. dataset allocation) Can be designed to “converse” with individual Provides for interactive applications using ISPF* (see later in this topic) * Interactive System Productivity Facility execute NOTE: In a way they control the running of tasks and use of computer resources

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. What is a REXX (Exec) … a.k.a. execs? The REstructured eXtended eXecutor (REXX) language is a high level interpretive language that enables you to write programs in a clear and structured way. You can perform numerous tasks such a invoking programs written in other languages Perform I/O and process arithmetic and character data Provides for a set of z/OS UNIX extensions (syscall commands) Write interactive applications using ISPF SAY, PULL, IF…THEN…ELSE…DO…END…EXIT

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. EDIT KETTNER.LIB.CLIST(SUM) - 01.00 Columns 00001 00072 Command ===> Scroll ===> PAGE ****** ***************************** Top of Data ****************************** '''''' /******************* REXX ******************************************/ '''''' /* This exec adds two numbers and displays their sum. */ '''''' /*********************************************************************/ '''''' leave blank line here for readability '''''' SAY ' Please enter a number? ' '''''' PULL number1 '''''' SAY 'Now enter a number to add to the first number. ' '''''' PULL number2 '''''' sum = number1 + number2 '''''' SAY ' The sum of the two numbers is ' sum '.' '''''' SAY ' Thank you for your information' '''''' ****** **************************** Bottom of Data **************************** Note Comment lines TSO REXX EXEC

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. CLISTs versus REXX CLIST execute only in a TSO/E environment where REXX can execute in any MVS address space REXX is Restructured Extended Executor language, a command language used with TSO REXX is the implementation of the Systems Application Architecture (SAA) Procedures Language, therefore you can write REXX execs that will run in any supported SAA SAA environments - i.e. zVM/SP (CMS) Both CLISTs and REXX offer shell script-type processing. Both are interpretive languages, not compiled languages (although REXX can be compiled as well). Some z/OS users write functions directly as CLISTs or REXX programs CLIST programming is unique to z/OS, while the REXX language is used on many platforms. REXXCLIST

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. ISPF overview Acronym for Interactive System Productivity Facility ISPF is a menu-driven interface for user interaction with z/OS system. The ISPF environment is executed from native TSO. ISPF provides utilities, an editor and ISPF applications to the user. To the extent permitted by various security controls an ISPF user has full access to most z/OS system functions.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Navigating through ISPF menus To access ISPF under TSO, the user enters a command from the READY prompt to display the ISPF Primary Option Menu. You can access online help from any of the ISPF panels (press the PF1 key) ISPF includes a text editor and browser, and functions for locating files and performing other utility functions.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Keyboard mapping: FunctionKey EnterCtrl (right side) Exit, end, or returnPF3 HelpPF1 PA1 or AttentionAlt-Ins or Esc PA2 Alt-Home Cursor movementTab or Enter ClearPause Page upPF7 Page downPF8 Scroll leftPF10 Scroll rightPF11 Reset locked keyboardCtrl (left side)

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Option 3.2 UTILITIES: Data Set - allocate panel Menu RefList Utilities Help Allocate New Data Set Command ===> Data Set Name... : ZSCHOL.TEST.CNTL Management class... (Blank for default management class) Storage class.... (Blank for default storage class) Volume serial.... EBBER1 (Blank for system default volume) ** Device type..... (Generic unit or device address) ** Data class...... (Blank for default data class) Space units..... TRACK (BLKS, TRKS, CYLS, KB, MB, BYTES or RECORDS) Average record unit (M, K, or U) Primary quantity.. 2 (In above units) Secondary quantity 1 (In above units) Directory blocks.. 0 (Zero for sequential data set) * Record format.... FB Record length.... 80 Block size..... 27920 Data set name type : (LIBRARY, HFS, PDS, or blank) * (YY/MM/DD, YYYY/MM/DD F1=Help F2=Split F3=Exit F7=Backward F8=Forward F9=Swap F10=Actions F12=Cancel.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. * As you enter a command ISPF will keep a history of the last ten entries – this is valuable to speed up your processing * Place the cursor on the entry then depress the enter-key which will place it on the Command Prompt Option 6 UTILITIES: TSO - command panel

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. System Display and Search Facility (SDSF) Type SDSF at any command line prompt and a similar panel above will be displayed

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. z/OS UNIX interactive interfaces Like TSO and ISPF, the z/OS UNIX shell and utilities provide an interactive interface to z/OS. Use the UNIX shell to: Invoke shell scripts and utilities Write shell scripts (a list of shell commands created with the shell programming language) Run shell scripts and C language programs interactively.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. UNIX System Services and z/OS UNIX System Services and z/OS z/OS File System PARMLIB SAF ASSM C++ AS UNIX programs execute in z/OS Address Spaces Unix Services are automatically started at IPL UNIX uses z/OS Services Unix Services z/OS Nucleus z/OS Communications Server TCP/IP VTAM

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Unix System Services can use different SHELLS Bourne Shell (sh) C Shell (csh) Korn Shell (ksh) TC Shell (tcsh) Bourne Again Shell (bash)

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved.  Traditional MVS environment:TSO TSO ISH - TSO experienced user TSO OMVS - UNIX experienced user  Traditional UNIX environment: Telnet Rlogin Access to Unix on Z

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. UNIX System Services: Posix Shells and Utilities File System Familiar UNIX Interface cd. kill. wait - continue. exec. unset POSIX files X-Windows Motif 3270 Input User Interpret Shell Process Utilities diff grep awk locale printf c89 make yacc... mkdir find ar vi

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. TSO commands used with z/OS UNIX ISHELL -- This command invokes the ISPF shell. Intended for users more familiar with TSO/ISPF than UNIX Provides panels for working with UNIX files, mounting and unmounting file systems, and z/OS UNIX administration. z/OS programmers can do much of their work under ISHELL. OMVS -- This command invokes the z/OS UNIX shell. Intended for users more familiar with UNIX than TSO/ISPF Allows the user to alternate between the shell and TSO UNIX programmers should find the z/OS UNIX shell programming environment familiar. OBROWSE OEDIT } ISPF like Functions

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. ISHELL command (ish) A good starting point for TSO/ISPF users who want to use z/OS UNIX. Under ISHELL, you can use action codes to: bBrowse a file or directory e Edit a file or directory dDelete a file or directory r Rename a file or directory a Show the attributes of a file or directory c Copy a file or directory

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. OMVS command shell You use the OMVS command to invoke the z/OS UNIX shell. Under the UNIX shell, users can: Invoke shell commands or utilities that request services from the system. Write shell scripts using the shell programming language. Run shell scripts and C-language programs interactively (in the foreground), in the background, or in batch. oedit obrowse

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved.  User  Foreground  Background Daemons  inetd: base for telnet, rlogin..  httpd: the Web server  crond: the batch server  tcp/ip daemons: ftpd, telnetd, rlogind UNIX System Services: Different Types of Process

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. HQX7720 ----------------- SDSF PRIMARY OPTION MENU -------------------------- COMMAND INPUT ===> SCROLL ===> PAGE DA Active users INIT Initiators I Input queue PR Printers O Output queue PUN Punches H Held output queue RDR Readers ST Status of jobs LINE Lines NODE Nodes LOG System log SO Spool offload SR System requests SP Spool volumes MAS Members in the MAS JC Job classes RM Resource monitor SE Scheduling environments CK Health checker RES WLM resources ENC Enclaves ULOG User session log PS Processes Licensed Materials - Property of IBM 5694-A01 (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 1981, 2005. All rights reserved. US Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. VIEW USS PROCESSES

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Dir E F F F F REXX execs Shell scripts TSO OE Shell JCL C programs  MOUNT  MKDIR  OGET  OPUT  OCOPY  OEDIT  OBROWSE  ISHELL  PATHNAME  PATHDISP  PATHMODE  PATHOPTS  DSNTYPE  open()  read()  write()  close()  ls -l /u/op251  mkdir /u/op251/dir1  cd /u/op251/dir1  oedit 'newfile'  cat newfile UNIX System Services : File System Access

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Dir Domino User Dir Usr F F F F F / HFS Root File System mount points F F VOL 1 name = hfs.root UNIX System Services : Mount and Unmount Nono Dir F F VOL 2 name = uss.nono HFS Lpp F F Dir VOL 3 name = uss.lpp HFS notesdata F F Dir VOL 4 name = uss.domino ZFS

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. //OMVSCPGM //OMVSEXEC //STDOUT // JOB EXEC DD PGM=BPXBATCH,PARM='pgm cprog a1 a2' PATH='/DIR1/DIR2/STD.OUTPUT', PATHOPTS=(OWRONLY,OCREATE), PATHDISP=KEEP //STDERR // DDPATH='/DIR1/DIR2/STD.ERROR', PATHMODE=(SIRWXV), PATHDISP=KEEP // PATHMODE=(SIRWXV), PATHOPTS=(OWRONLY,OCREATE),// USER=username NEW JCL PARMS FOR HFS/zFS FILES UNIX System Services: JCL For USS File Systems See v18 DSNs next slide } Note: UNIX Directory structure use in JCL

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. //S1 EXEC PGM=MVSPROG1 //S3 EXEC PGM=MVSPROG2 //S2 EXEC PGM=BPXBATCH, //OPENBATC JOB /* // // PARM='pgm cprog a1 a2' MVS batch program OpenMVS batch program MVS batch program End of job Start of job UNIX System Services: MVS Batch Environment

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. USS zFS Overview  zFS is a "new" UNIX file system  Based on the DCE Local File System (Episode) of Distributed File Service  Provides improved performance  Provides additional administrative function  multiple file systems in a single data set  file system cloning  HFS has been stabilized (no new development)  zFS is the base for future development zfsadm help f zfs,query,all | storage | settings | threads

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. z/OS UNIX Kernel SAF Callable Service Router RACF Callable Service Router RACFRACF z/OS UNIX User UNIX System Services : Security

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Direct login to the shell rlogin When the inetd daemon is active, you can rlogin to the shell from a workstation. To log in, use the rlogin (remote log in) command syntax supported at your site. telnet Also uses the inetd daemon inetd must be active and set up to recognize and receive the incoming telnet requests.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. SAF Interface RACF TCP/IP TELNET FTP RLOGIN LE C/C++ Compilers Assembler Services DFHSM ADSM TSO/E ISPF ASID 1 ASID 2 ASID 3 ASID XXX UNIX System Services WLM SMF RMF SMS UNIX System Services: Summary

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. Summary TSO allows users to logon to z/OS and use a limited set of basic commands in native mode. ISPF is a menu-driven interface for user interaction with z/OS. ISPF provides utilities, an editor and ISPF applications to the user. To the extent permitted by various security controls an ISPF user has full access to most z/OS system functions. TSO ISPF should be viewed as a system management interface and a development interface for traditional z/OS programming. The z/OS UNIX shell and utilities provide a command interface to the z/OS UNIX environment. You can access the shell either by logging on to TSO/E or by using the remote login facilities of TCP/IP (rlogin). If you use TSO/E, a command called OMVS creates a shell for you. You can work in the shell environment until exiting or temporarily switching back to the TSO/E environment.

Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved. Chapter 6: Interactive facilities of z/OS: TSO/E, ISPF, and UNIX 58.

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Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved. Chapter 6: Interactive facilities of z/OS: TSO/E, ISPF, and UNIX 58.

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Presentation on theme: "Introduction to the new mainframe © Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved. Chapter 6: Interactive facilities of z/OS: TSO/E, ISPF, and UNIX 58."— Presentation transcript:

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