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6S (13) Lee Michelle Ching Yin Reptile
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We are reptiles ! Me too!
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Class: Retilia General features: live on ground, while some can live in water as well poikilotherm most are carnivorous, except turtles are herbivorous breathe with lungs skin covered with scales/ scutes lay shelled eggs tetrapods
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Body Structure
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have lungs - crocodiles: muscular diaphragm increase space for greater lung inflation
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have horny epidermis watertight able to live on dry land exposed parts protected by scales & scutes
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have three-chambered heart - 2 atria, 1 ventricle, 2 aortas - deoxygenated blood can be shunted back to the heart and oxygenated blood can be shunted back to the lungs more effective thermoregulation longer diving time
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diurnal animals -vision can adapt daylight condition -with colour vision -more advanced vision depth
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some snakes have heat-sensitive pits sense the body heat of birds and mammals hunt in the dark
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lack a secondary palate - must hold their breathe while swallowing - except crocodiles & skinks - snakes: extend their trachea and stick out like a fleshly straw
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camouflage -skin colour is usually grey, brown or green blend into the background of the natural environment avoid confrontation
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Reproduction
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most reptiles reproduce sexually all reproductive activities occur through the cloaca most reptiles have copulatory organs, which are usually retracted or inverted and stored inside the body
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some squamates (lizards & snakes) are able to have asexual reproduction parthenogenesis females are able to produce a unisexual diploid clone of the mother
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oviparous -most reptiles lay eggs covered with leathery or calcareous shells
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ovoviviparous/ viviparous - ovoviviparous= embryos develop inside eggs, without placenta - viviparous= birth of offspring without the development of calcified eggs - evolved only in lizards & snakes
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temperature-dependent sex determination - the incubation temperature determines whether a particular egg hatches as male or female - most common in turtles and crocodiles - sometimes occur in lizards and tuataras as well
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Defense Mechanism
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snakes crawl away into the underground hiss loudly vibrate the tip of the tail ( rattlesnakes) elevate the head and spread out the skin of the neck to look bigger and more threatening use venom to attack play dead
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crocodiles expose the teeth and yellow tongue plunge into water and sink out of sight hiss loudly inflate the body to look bigger chase bite
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lizards the tail has more vivid colour when captured by the tail shed the part of the tail detached tail will continue to wiggle the tail can be regenerated
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ReptilesAmphibians dry & scaly skinmoist & sticky skin with clawswithout claws breathe with lungs breathe with lungs & gills eggs have thick, hard shell eggs without protective outing covering eggs laid in buried, insulated nests eggs laid in water / damp places external fertilizationinternal fertilization do not have larval stage pass through larval stage before metamorphose into adult form
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The End! Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptile http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempe rature- dependent_sex_determination http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthe nogenesis
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